Appendix 9: Family Process and Adolescent Outcome Measures

Child Trends, Inc.

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This appendix, which describes a number of variables created by Child Trends. Inc., is provided in a separate printed document, also available as a PDF file. Interested researchers should contact NLS User Services for more information. The variables discussed in this appendix are as follows:

Question Name

Variable Title

Round 1

FP_YMFRELAT

Residential Mom Supportive of Residential Dad, Youth Report

FP_YFMRELAT

Residential Dad Supportive of Residential Mom, Youth Report

FP_PPRELAT

Residential Parent Supports Spouse/Partner, Parent Report

FP_YMSUPP

Youth Relationship with Residential Mom, Youth Report

FP_YFSUPP

Youth Relationship with Residential Dad, Youth Report

FP_YNRMSUPP

Youth Relationship with Non-Residential Biological Mom, Youth Report

FP_YNRFSUPP

Youth Relationship with Non-Residential Biological Dad, Youth Report

FP_YHROUTIN

Index of Family Routines, Youth Report

FP_YMMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Residential Mother, Youth Report

FP_YFMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Residential Father, Youth Report

FP_YNRMMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Non-Residential Mother, Youth Report

FP_YNRFMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Non-Residential Father, Youth Report

FP_YHLIMITS

Autonomy, Control and Limit Setting, Youth Report

FP_PHLIMITS

Autonomy, Control, and Limit Setting, Parent Report

FP_YHBROKED

Limit-Breaking, Youth Report

FP_PHBROKED

Limit-Breaking, Parent Report

FP_YMPSTYL

Residential Mother's Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YFPSTYL

Residential Father's Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YNRMPSTYL

Non-Residential Mother's Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YNRFPSTYL

Non-Residential Father's Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_PPRELIG

Parent's Religiosity, Parent Report

FP_ADHRISKI

Family/Home Risk Index

FP_ADPENVRI

Physical Environment Risk Index

FP_ADENRCHI

Enriching Environment Risk Index

FP_YYFBEHS

Girls Behavioral/Emotional Problems Scale, Youth Report

FP_YYMBEHS

Boys Behavioral/Emotional Problems Scale, Youth Report

FP_PYFBEHS

Girls Behavioral/Emotional Problems Scale, Parent Report

FP_PYMBEHS

Boys Behavioral/Emotional Scale, Parent Report

FP_YYCRIMI

Delinquency Score Index

FP_YYSUBSI

Substance Use Index

Round 2

FP_YMFRELAT

Residential Mom Supportive of Residential Dad, Youth Report

FP_YFMRELAT

Residential Dad Supportive of Residential Mom, Youth Report

FP_YMSUPP

Youth Relationship with Residential Mom, Youth Report

FP_YFSUPP

Youth Relationship with Residential Dad, Youth Report

FP_YHROUTIN

Index of Family Routines, Youth Report

FP_YMMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Residential Mother, Youth Report

FP_YFMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Residential Father, Youth Report

FP_YHLIMITS

Autonomy, Control, and Limit Setting, Youth Report

FP_YHBROKED

Limit-Breaking, Youth Report

FP_YMPSTYL

Residential Mothers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YFPSTYL

Residential Fathers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YNRMPSTYL

Non-Residential Mothers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YNRFPSTYL

Non-Residential Fathers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YYCRIMI

Delinquency Score Index

FP_YYSUBSI

Substance Use Index

FP_YYCRIMI_DLI

Delinquency Score Index (DLI)

FP_YYSUBSI_DLI

Substance Use Index (DLI)

Round 3

FP_YMFRELAT

Residential Mom Supportive of Residential Dad, Youth Report

FP_YFMRELAT

Residential Dad Supportive of Residential Mom, Youth Report

FP_YMSUPP

Youth Relationship with Residential Mom, Youth Report

FP_YFSUPP

Youth Relationship with Residential Dad, Youth Report

FP_YHROUTIN

Index of Family Routines, Youth Report

FP_YMMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Residential Mother, Youth Report

FP_YFMONIT

Degree of Parental Monitoring by Residential Father, Youth Report

FP_YHLIMITS

Autonomy, Control, and Limit Setting, Youth Report

FP_YHBROKED

Limit-Breaking, Youth Report

FP_YMPSTYL

Residential Mothers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YFPSTYL

Residential Fathers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YNRMPSTYL

Non-Residential Mothers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YNRFPSTYL

Non-Residential Fathers Parenting Style, Youth Report

FP_YYCRIMI_DLI

Delinquency Score Index (DLI)

FP_YYSUBSI_DLI

Substance Use Index (DLI)

Round 4
FP_YHROUTIN Index of Family Routines, Youth Report
FP_YMMONIT Degree of Parental Monitoring By Residential Mother, Youth Report
FP_YFMONIT Degree of Parental Monitoring By Residential Father, Youth Report
FP_YMPSTYL Residential Mothers Parenting Style, Youth Report
FP_YFPSTYL Residential Fathers Parenting Style, Youth Report
FP_YNRMPSTYL Non-Residential Mothers Parenting Style, Youth Report
FP_YNRFPSTYL Non-Residential Fathers Parenting Style, Youth Report
FP_YYCRIMI_DLI Deliquency Score Index (DLI)
FP_YYSUBSI_DLI Substance Use Index (DLI)
FP_YMNTHLTH Youth Mental Health Scale
FP_SEXEVER R4: Youth Ever Had Sex
FP_SEXAGE Age at First Sex
FP_SEXYEAR

Year of First Sex

Documentation on Mental Health Scale

As the mental health scale was not included in round 1, a description of the variable FP_YMNTHLTH was provided in Appendix 9.  Documentation is provided below.

Items and Response Categories

  1. How much of the time during the last month have you been a very nervous person? R48677.  [YSAQ-282C]

  2. How much of the time during the last month have you felt calm and peaceful? (reverse-coded) R48678. [YSAQ-282D]

  3. How much of the time during the last month have you felt downhearted and blue?  R48679. [YSAQ-282E]

  4. How much of the time during the last month have you been a happy person? (reverse-coded) R48680. [YSAQ-282F]

  5. How much of the time during the last month have you felt so down in the dumps that nothing could cheer you up? R48681. [YSAQ-282G]

The responses were measured on a 4-point scale:

All of the time Most of the time Some of the time None of the time
1 2 3 4

Scale Creation.  The responses to the five items were summed: scores could range from 5 to 20 points. Higher scores indicate more positive mental health, and lower scores indicate more emotional problems.

Variable Name.  YMNTHLTH.

Age of Youth. All age group (cohort age: 12 to 16; age at Round 4 survey date: 15 to 21)

Frequencies 

Score Frequency Percent Frequency Percent
5 7 0.09 7 0.09
6 12 0.15 19 0.24
7 25 0.31 44 0.55
8 58 0.72 102 1.27
9 85 1.06 187 2.33
10 193 2.41 380 4.74
11 266 3.32 646 8.05
12 437 5.45 1083 13.5
12.5 1 0.01 1084 13.51
13 693 8.64 1777 22.15
14 874 10.89 2651 33.04
15 1095 13.65 3746 46.69
16 1469 18.31 5215 65
16.3 1 0.01 5216 65.01
17 1290 16.08 6506 81.09
17.5 1 0.01 6507 81.1
18 876 10.92 7383 92.02
19 388 4.84 7771 96.86
20 252 3.14 8023 100

Considerable variation can be noted, though most youth report fairly positive mental health.

Data Quality

A score on the Mental Health Scale was obtained for respondents who answered at least four of the five items.  Respondents who answered only four of the five questions were assigned a weighted score based on the 20-point scale (i.e., raw score*(5/5-missing)).  Respondents who answered fewer than four items were coded as missing. 
  
    
Measure N N missing Min Max Mean SD

   Mental Health Scale -
   Youth Report

8023 961 5 20 15.32 2.55

Internal Consistency/Reliability

Cronbach’s alpha for these scales are considered good in terms of consistency/reliability.  Internal consistency as measured by Cronbach’s alpha indicates that the items hang together well in a given administration.  Cronbach’s alpha is the preferred measure of internal consistency/reliability (Carmine & Zeller, 1985). 
    
Measure Alpha

   Mental Health Scale -
   Youth Report

0.77

    
Reference

Carmine, E.G., & Zeller, R.A. (1985).  Reliability and validity assessment.  In J.L. Sullivan(Ed.), Quantitative applications in the social sciences.  Sage: Beverly Hills, CA.

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