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Author: Bennett, Neil G.

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1.	Bennett, Neil G.
1.	The Future of Remarriage in the United States: Its Determinants and Model-Based Projections Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Annual Meetings, March 31-April 2, 2011 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Divorce; Marriage; National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH); Socioeconomic Factors Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. We develop a parametric model of remarriage patterns (by duration since divorce) in the United States. Applying this model to several data sets, we seek to estimate the magnitude and direction of the association between a number of socioeconomic factors and the remarriage process, and how those associations have changed over time (i.e., by divorce cohort). Further, by artificially truncating the data at a variety of alternative durations and conducting out-of-sample forecasting, we test the model's ability to project the remaining remarriage experience for a given divorce cohort of women. We then forecast the proportion of women who will ultimately remarry for cohorts of women who have yet to complete their remarriage experience.
	Bibliography Citation Bennett, Neil G. "The Future of Remarriage in the United States: Its Determinants and Model-Based Projections." Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Annual Meetings, March 31-April 2, 2011.

2.	Bennett, Neil G. Bloom, David E.
2.	The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of Marital Unions Presented: Bethesda, MA, NICHD Conference, "Outcomes of Early Childbearing: An Appraisal of Recent Evidence", May 1992 Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Women Publisher: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Behavior; Childbearing; Fertility; Marriage; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) The central objective of this paper is to explore the interrelationships between out-of-wedlock childbearing and subsequent marriage behavior. In Section II we document a negative association between these events in three large survey data sets. We also fit some simple hazard models, which account for the varying degrees of exposure to marriage formation experienced by individuals, that show that this negative association persists (although somewhat less strongly) when one contrasts women who are comparable in terrns of a standard set of social and demographic background variables. In Section III we attempt to disentangle some of the alternative explanations for the negative association between out-of-wedlock childbearing and subsequent marriage. We do this by examining the effect of children (both those maritally and nonmaritally borne) on a woman's remarriage prospects and by analyzing some time use data for unwed mothers and other women. We also explore the presence of reverse causality in the relationship between unwed motherhood and marriage by examining whether women who think they are less likely to marry (for whatever reason) have higher rates of unwed motherhood. Our results are summarized and discussed in Section IV. The data sets were extracted from Cycle IV of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), and the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women (NLSYW).
	Bibliography Citation Bennett, Neil G. and David E. Bloom. "The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of Marital Unions." Presented: Bethesda, MA, NICHD Conference, "Outcomes of Early Childbearing: An Appraisal of Recent Evidence", May 1992.

3.	Bennett, Neil G. Bloom, David E.
3.	The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of Marital Unions Presented: Cincinnati, OH, American Sociological Association Annual Meetings, August 1991 Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Women Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Behavior; Childbearing; Fertility; Marriage; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The central objective of this paper is to explore the interrelationships between outof-wedlock childbearing and subsequent marriage behavior. In Section II we document a negative association between these events in three large survey data sets. We also fit some simple hazard models, which account for the varying degrees of exposure to marriage formation experienced by individuals, that show that this negative association persists (although somewhat less strongly) when one contrasts women who are comparable in terrns of a standard set of social and demographic background variables. In Section III we attempt to disentangle some of the alternative explanations for the negative association between out-of-wedlock childbearing and subsequent marriage. We do this by examining the effect of children (both those maritally and nonmaritally borne) on a woman's remarriage prospects and by analyzing some time use data for unwed mothers and other women. We also explore the presence of reverse causality in the relationship between unwed motherhood and marriage by examining whether women who think they are less likely to marry (for whatever reason) have higher rates of unwed motherhood. Our results are summarized and discussed in Section IV. The data sets were extracted from Cycle IV of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), and the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women (NLSYW).
	Bibliography Citation Bennett, Neil G. and David E. Bloom. "The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of Marital Unions." Presented: Cincinnati, OH, American Sociological Association Annual Meetings, August 1991.

4.	Bennett, Neil G. Bloom, David E. Miller, Cynthia K.
4.	The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of First Marriages NBER Working Paper No. 4564, National Bureau of Economic Research, December 1993. Also: http://nber.nber.org/papers/W4564 Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Women Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Childbearing; Cohabitation; Coresidence; Fertility; Marriage; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Welfare; Work Knowledge This paper examines the association between nonmarital childbearing and the subsequent likelihood of first marriage and documents a negative association between these variables--controlling for a variety of potentially confounding influences--in several large survey data sets for the United States. The paper then subjects possible explanations of this finding to empirical test. The analyses performed support the following conclusions: Nonmarital childbearing does not appear to be driven by low expectations of future marriage. Rather, nonmarital childbearing tends to be an unexpected and unwanted event that has multiple effects, which on balance are negative, on a woman's subsequent likelihood of first marriage. Nonmarital childbearers are more likely to enter informal cohabitational unions than are their single counterparts who do not bear a child. Evidence is found that the negative association between out-of-wedlock childbearing and subsequent marriage is particularly strong among welfare recipients as well as evidence that out-of-wedlock childbearing increases the likelihood that a woman marries her child's biological father. On the other hand, we find no evidence that (a) stigma associated with nonmarital childbearing plays an important role in this process or (b) the demands of children reduce the time that unmarried mothers have to devote to marriage market activities.
	Bibliography Citation Bennett, Neil G., David E. Bloom and Cynthia K. Miller. "The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of First Marriages." NBER Working Paper No. 4564, National Bureau of Economic Research, December 1993.

5.	Bennett, Neil G. Bloom, David E. Miller, Cynthia K.
5.	The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of First Marriages Demography 32,1 (February 1995): 47-62. Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/u703781053n13766/ Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Women Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Childbearing; Fertility; Marital Status; Marriage; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Welfare Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This study documents a negative association between nonmarital childbearing and the subsequent likelihood of first marriage in the United States controlling for a variety of potentially confounding influences. Nonmarital childbearing does not appear to be driven by low expectations of future marriage. Rather, it tends to be an unexpected and unwanted event, whose effects on a woman's subsequent likelihood of first marriage are negative on balance. Results indicate that women who bear a child outside marriage and who receive welfare have a particularly low probability of marrying subsequently, although there is no evidence that AFDC recipients have lower expectations of marriage. In addition, results indicate no evidence that stigma associated with nonmarital childbearing plays an important role in this process or that the demands of children significantly reduce unmarried mothers' time for marriage market activities.
	Bibliography Citation Bennett, Neil G., David E. Bloom and Cynthia K. Miller. "The Influence of Nonmarital Childbearing on the Formation of First Marriages." Demography 32,1 (February 1995): 47-62.

6.	Tan, Ruoding Bennett, Neil G.
6.	Spouse Selection the Second Time Around Presented: San Francisco CA, Population Association of America Meetings, May 2012 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Age and Ageing; Homogamy; Marriage Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Based on a nationally representative sample drawn from the 1979-2008 waves of National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79), we examine the changes in spousal choice that occur between women’s first and second unions in the context of a changing pool of available potential spouses on various dimensions, including age, educational level at marriage, and race. Specifically, we test two hypotheses: (1) The supply of marriageable men is associated with women’s spousal choice in first and in second marriages, and (2) If the number of available single men as potential husbands is limited, women are forced to “cast a wider net” and marry men very different from themselves. We find empirical evidence that lends support to these hypotheses. Our results show that a more diverse and smaller pool of marriageable men will limit women’s ability to realize their changing preferences and lower the likelihood of a homogamous match in second marriages.
	Bibliography Citation Tan, Ruoding and Neil G. Bennett. "Spouse Selection the Second Time Around." Presented: San Francisco CA, Population Association of America Meetings, May 2012.

7.	Thomas, Christopher Tan, Ruoding Bennett, Neil G.
7.	Structural Opportunity and Individual Preference: The Determinants of Spouse Selection in Second Marriages Presented: Austin TX, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 2019 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Assortative Mating; Marital History/Transitions; Remarriage Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. In the context of fundamental changes in union formation, union dissolution, and assortative mating in the U.S. in recent decades, we still do not fully understand the structural and individual factors driving spouse selection the second time around. Based on a nationally representative sample drawn from the 1979-2014 waves of the geocoded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we test three hypotheses: 1) Women's spousal choice in first and in second marriages is associated with the composition of the local pool of unmarried men; 2) if the number of available single men as potential husbands is limited, a woman will be more likely to marry heterogamously; and 3) independent of the composition of remarriage markets, divorced women will change their preference toward homogamy in the second marital search. We find preliminary empirical evidence supporting these hypotheses, suggesting that changes in spouse selection in second marriages are due to both structural changes in remarriage markets and changing individual preferences.
	Bibliography Citation Thomas, Christopher, Ruoding Tan and Neil G. Bennett. "Structural Opportunity and Individual Preference: The Determinants of Spouse Selection in Second Marriages." Presented: Austin TX, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 2019.

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