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Author: Besen-Cassino, Yasemin

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1.	Besen-Cassino, Yasemin
1.	Gender Pay Differentials among the Teenage Labor Force Presented: Chicago IL, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2015 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Gender Differences; Occupations, Female; Occupations, Male; Teenagers; Wage Gap Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Gender wage gap is among the most persistent and durable characteristics of labor markets and women's lives. Despite differences in focus, almost all studies of the gender wage gap focus on the adult labor market, however almost every teenager in the United States works before adulthood. Therefore, an overwhelming majority of the population experience the labor market, and possibly the gender wage gap, well beforehand. This article focuses on the early labor market experiences of youth and analyzes the gender differentials in earning in the youth labor market. Based on a maximum likelihood estimation with modeled heteroskedasticity using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY97), the findings show there are no gender differences in wages for 12-13 year-old youth. However, we see the emergence of the gender wage gap around fourteen, which widens with age. The wage differential in the early labor market is explained mostly by occupational factors such as types of jobs boys and girls are employed in. However, the "cost of being a girl" still remains.
	Bibliography Citation Besen-Cassino, Yasemin. "Gender Pay Differentials among the Teenage Labor Force." Presented: Chicago IL, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2015.

2.	Besen-Cassino, Yasemin
2.	Por Qué la Desigualdad Salarial entre Hombres y Mujeres Empieza en la Adolescencia (y Cómo Evitarlo) BBC Mundo, June 20, 2018. Also: https://www.bbc.com/mundo/vert-cap-44546380 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: BBC Mundo Keyword(s): Employment, In-School; Gender Differences; Teenagers; Wage Gap Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Media article on BBC Mundo website about why wage inequality between men and women begins in adolescence--and how to avoid it. The article, written in Spanish, is authored by Yasemin Besen-Cassino and references her 2018 book, The Cost of Being a Girl: Working Teens and the Origins of the Gender Wage Gap (Temple University Press). The book uses the NLSY97 as its central quantitative dataset.
	Bibliography Citation Besen-Cassino, Yasemin. "Por Qué la Desigualdad Salarial entre Hombres y Mujeres Empieza en la Adolescencia (y Cómo Evitarlo)." BBC Mundo, June 20, 2018.

3.	Besen-Cassino, Yasemin
3.	The Cost of Being a Girl: Gender Earning Differentials in the Early Labor Markets NWSA Journal 20,1 (Spring 2008): 146-160 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: NWSA Keyword(s): Earnings; Employment, Youth; Gender Differences; Occupations; Occupations, Female; Occupations, Male; Wage Gap Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The gender wage gap is among the most persistent and durable characteristics of labor markets and women’s lives. Despite differences in focus, almost all studies of the gender wage gap focus on the adult labor market; however, almost every teenager in the United States works before adulthood. Therefore, an overwhelming majority of the population experiences the labor market, and possibly the gender wage gap, well beforehand. This article focuses on the early labor market experiences of youth and analyzes the gender differentials in earning in the youth labor market. The findings show there are no gender differences in wages for twelve- to thirteen-year-old youths. However, we see the emergence of the gender wage gap around fourteen, which widens with age. The wage differential in the early labor market is explained mostly by occupational factors such as types of jobs in which boys and girls are employed. In this way, the “cost of being a girl” still remains.
	Bibliography Citation Besen-Cassino, Yasemin. "The Cost of Being a Girl: Gender Earning Differentials in the Early Labor Markets." NWSA Journal 20,1 (Spring 2008): 146-160.

4.	Besen-Cassino, Yasemin
4.	The Cost of Being a Girl: Working Teens and the Origins of the Gender Wage Gap Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 2018 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Temple University Press Keyword(s): Employment, In-School; Gender Differences; Labor Force Participation; Teenagers; Wage Gap The author examines the origins of the gender wage gap by looking at the teenage labor force. The NLSY97 is the central quantitative dataset used in this book. Chapter titles include "Origins of the Gender Wage Gap," "Babysitters," "Shop Girls," "Race, Class and Gender Inequality," and "Long-Term Effects."
	Bibliography Citation Besen-Cassino, Yasemin. The Cost of Being a Girl: Working Teens and the Origins of the Gender Wage Gap. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 2018.

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