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Author: Burnett, Kristin

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1.	Burnett, Kristin
1.	Sociodemographic Profile of Children Experiencing Living in a Maternal Cohabiting Household: Current Estimates and Trends over Time Presented: Detroit, MI, Population Association of America Meetings, April-May 2009 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Family Income; Family Structure; Marital Status; Parents, Single; Poverty Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. During recent decades, cohabitation has increased dramatically. A large portion of these couples live with dependents, thus, more children are experiencing cohabiting parent households. Since maternal cohabitation is associated with many negative outcomes for children, it is important to understand which subgroups are most likely to experience maternal cohabitation to identify who is most at risk of experiencing these negative outcomes and who might benefit most from policy interventions. In this descriptive study, I will use recent longitudinal data (Children/Young Adults of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979) with prospective family structure histories to explore how children's exposure to maternal cohabitation differs across various factors and how these patterns have changed across recent cohorts. The factors to be examined include race/ethnicity, gender, age (of mother and child), socioeconomic status (household income, poverty status, maternal educational attainment), region, urbanicity, religiosity (of mother) and maternal marital status at birth.
	Bibliography Citation Burnett, Kristin. "Sociodemographic Profile of Children Experiencing Living in a Maternal Cohabiting Household: Current Estimates and Trends over Time." Presented: Detroit, MI, Population Association of America Meetings, April-May 2009.

2.	Burnett, Kristin
2.	The Relationships of Time-Varying Family Structure and Poverty Status to Child Trajectories of Mathematical Achievement Presented: Los Angeles, CA, Population Association of America (PAA) Annual Meetings, March-April 2006. Also: http://paa2006.princeton.edu/abstractViewer.aspx?submissionId=61568 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Children; Cohabitation; Family Income; Family Structure; Modeling, Growth Curve/Latent Trajectory Analysis; Parents, Single; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Poverty; Stepfamilies; Variables, Independent - Covariate Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Previous research shows a substantial relationship between family structure and children's mathematics achievement, but there is still much debate about the way that families' socioeconomic resources influence this association, especially during different periods of children's life course. Additionally, because cohabitation has become more prevalent than ever before, it is important to separate the effects of cohabiting parent and cohabiting stepfamily structures from the more commonly studied categories of married biological parents, single-parents, and married stepfamilies. Therefore, this study will use growth curve modeling of CNLSY data to investigate how the time-varying covariates of poverty status and five possible family structures each relate to math achievement test score gains throughout childhood.
	Bibliography Citation Burnett, Kristin. "The Relationships of Time-Varying Family Structure and Poverty Status to Child Trajectories of Mathematical Achievement." Presented: Los Angeles, CA, Population Association of America (PAA) Annual Meetings, March-April 2006.

3.	Burnett, Kristin Farkas, George
3.	Poverty and Family Structure Effects on Children's Mathematics Achievement: Estimates from Random and Fixed Effects Models The Social Science Journal, 46,2 (June 2009): 297–318. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362331908001262 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Birth Order; Children, Academic Development; Children, Poverty; Cohabitation; Family Income; Family Structure; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Modeling, Growth Curve/Latent Trajectory Analysis; Parents, Single; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Poverty; Stepfamilies; Variables, Independent - Covariate As children grow up, they may encounter changing family structures and poverty status. Any attempt to measure the effects of these statuses on children's school achievement runs the risk of spurious effects due to child- and family-heterogeneity. An analytic strategy for avoiding these spurious effects is to use longitudinal data on families, children, and their academic achievement to estimate random coefficient growth-curve models in which a large number of causally prior control variables are allowed to impact both the intercept and slope of the child's achievement trajectory, while poverty and family structure at each point in time enter the model as time-varying covariates. An even more powerful strategy is to use Allison's [Allison, P. D. (2005). Fixed effects regression methods for longitudinal data using SAS. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.] "hybrid" version of this model, in which a fixed-effects specification differences away all unchanging child and family characteristics. We use CNLSY79 data to estimate both types of models for the effects of poverty status and family structure on children's mathematics achievement between ages 5 and 14.We find that poverty status exerts a modest, statistically significant negative effect on math achievement, but only among younger children. The correlation between family structure and children's mathematics achievement is largely spurious, due instead to child- and family-heterogeneity on causally prior variables.
	Bibliography Citation Burnett, Kristin and George Farkas. "Poverty and Family Structure Effects on Children's Mathematics Achievement: Estimates from Random and Fixed Effects Models." The Social Science Journal, 46,2 (June 2009): 297–318. A.

4.	Frisco, Michelle Weden, Margaret M. Lippert, Adam M. Burnett, Kristin
4.	The Multidimensional Relationship Between Early Adult Body Weight and Women’s Childbearing Experiences Social Science and Medicine 74,11 (June 2012): 1703-1711. Also: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21944717 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Childbearing; Marital Status; Obesity; Weight; Women This study has three primary goals that make an important contribution to the literature on body weight and childbearing experiences among United States’ women. It sheds light on the physiological and social nature of this relationship by examining whether the consequences of early adult weight for lifetime childbearing are shaped by historical social context, women’s social characteristics, and their ability to marry. We analyze data from two female cohorts who participated in the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY79). Cohort 1 entered early adulthood before the U.S. obesity prevalence increased. Cohort 2 entered early adulthood after the obesity prevalence increased. We find that early adult weight is negatively related to the childbearing trajectories and marital status of Cohort 1 but not Cohort 2. Failing to account for race/ethnicity and women’s educational background as confounders masks some of these associations, which are evident for both White and Black women. Our results suggest that the health consequences of body weight do not fully drive its impact on childbearing. Rather, the lifetime fertility consequences of early adult weight are malleable, involve social processes, and are dependent on social context. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Bibliography Citation Frisco, Michelle, Margaret M. Weden, Adam M. Lippert and Kristin Burnett. "The Multidimensional Relationship Between Early Adult Body Weight and Women’s Childbearing Experiences." Social Science and Medicine 74,11 (June 2012): 1703-1711.

5.	Frisco, Michelle Weden, Margaret M. Lippert, Adam M. Burnett, Kristin
5.	The Shifting Burden of Body Weight for Women's Childbearing Experiences Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Annual Meetings, March 31-April 2, 2011 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Childbearing; Fertility; Obesity; Weight; Women Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Clinical research indicates that obesity impedes conception. Less is understood about population-level links between weight and women's childbearing trajectories, the social component of this association, or whether it is malleable over time. This study examines these issues. Analysis of data from the NLSY79 female sample shows how weight and childbearing trajectories are linked among two cohorts of women who experienced similar historical fertility contexts but different normative weight contexts. We find that BMI is negatively related to Cohort 1's childbearing trajectories but not Cohort 2's. These cohort differences suggest that biological factors alone do not drive the overall impact of obesity on fertility. Rather, the fertility consequences of obesity among U.S. women of childbearing age has been, and may continue to be, malleable over time and due in part to social processes.
	Bibliography Citation Frisco, Michelle, Margaret M. Weden, Adam M. Lippert and Kristin Burnett. "The Shifting Burden of Body Weight for Women's Childbearing Experiences." Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Annual Meetings, March 31-April 2, 2011.

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