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Author: Carlson, Daniel L.
Resulting in 7 citations.
1. Carlson, Daniel L.
Challenges and Transformations: Childbearing and Changes in Teens' Educational Aspirations and Expectations
Journal of Youth Studies 19,5 (May 2016): 706-724.
Also: http://tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13676261.2015.1098771
Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Keyword(s): Childbearing, Adolescent; Educational Aspirations/Expectations; Parenthood

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Although much of the focus on teen childbearing has been on its potential costs to teen parents and their children, emerging research suggests that teen childbearing while challenging can be a positively transformative experience for teens. One such transformation is enhanced educational aspirations and expectations. Much of the research on the positive consequences of teen childbearing for teens' educational orientations, however, has come from in-depth interviews with teen mothers that have methodological limitations. Using panel data from the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and NLSY79 – Young Adult Survey 1994 (NLSY79-YA) this study finds that over time, teens' educational expectations and aspirations increase, on average, regardless of parental status. Nevertheless, there is significant heterogeneity in how expectations and aspirations change. Teen parents have lower odds of increasing, and greater odds of decreasing, their aspirations and expectations over a 2-year period compared to their childless counterparts. These patterns, however, shift across cohorts. Unlike the NLSY79, there are no differences in the odds of lowering aspirations and expectations between teen parents and non-parents in the NLSY79-YA. Moreover, the lower odds of increasing aspirations/expectations among mothers and white teen parents compared to fathers and black teen parents in the NLSY79 cohort are not found in the NLSY79-YA.
Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Daniel L. "Challenges and Transformations: Childbearing and Changes in Teens' Educational Aspirations and Expectations." Journal of Youth Studies 19,5 (May 2016): 706-724.
2. Carlson, Daniel L.
Deviations From Desired Age at Marriage: Mental Health Differences Across Marital Status
Journal of Marriage and Family 74,4 (August 2012): 743-758.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.00995.x/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. => Wiley Online
Keyword(s): Age and Ageing; Age at First Marriage; CESD (Depression Scale); Expectations/Intentions; Health, Mental/Psychological; Marital Status; Marriage

Although several factors condition mental health differences between married and never-married adults, given recent increases in marriage delay and permanent singlehood, one modifying factor—deviation from desired age at marriage—has yet to be examined. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (N = 7,277), the author tested whether deviation from desired age at marriage shapes the mental health of married and never-married adults as well as mental health differences between them. The results showed that most respondents failed to meet their initial preference for age at marriage. Marrying both earlier and later than desired (compared to on time) resulted in poorer mental health and fewer benefits compared to never marrying. For the never-married, mental health was best, and differences compared to the married were nonsignificant, for those nearest their desired age at marriage. As timing deviations increased, however, a mental health deficit among the never-married emerged.
Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Daniel L. "Deviations From Desired Age at Marriage: Mental Health Differences Across Marital Status." Journal of Marriage and Family 74,4 (August 2012): 743-758.
3. Carlson, Daniel L.
Do Differences in Expectations and Preferences Explain Racial/Ethnic Variation in Family Formation Outcomes?
Advances in Life Course Research 25 (September 2015): 1-15.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040260815000271
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Ethnic Differences; Expectations/Intentions; Family Formation; First Birth; Marriage; Racial Differences

Race/ethnic differences in family formation are well-documented and scholars have often pointed to both structural and ideational factors to explain them. Yet, investigations into the role that ideational differences play have been sparse and limited in numerous ways. Using NLSY79 data, this study investigates whether variations in family formation expectations and preferences explain race/ethnic differences in family formation outcomes for the occurrence, timing, and sequencing of first marriage and first birth. Significant differences in family formation outcomes, expectations, and preferences are found across race/ethnicity. Expectations and preferences explain as much as 17% of race/ethnic differences in family formation behavior, although typically they explain 10%, and in the case of nonmarital childbearing, less than 3% of the variation. The limited predictive power of expectations and preferences for race/ethnic differences is the result of statistically significant yet substantively small differences and substantial incongruence between expectations, preferences and outcomes, especially for Blacks and Hispanics.
Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Daniel L. "Do Differences in Expectations and Preferences Explain Racial/Ethnic Variation in Family Formation Outcomes?" Advances in Life Course Research 25 (September 2015): 1-15.
4. Carlson, Daniel L.
Do Differences in Intentions Explain Racial/Ethnic Variation in Family Formation Outcomes?
Presented: San Francisco CA, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2014
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Ethnic Differences; Family Formation; Marriage; Parenthood; Racial Differences

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Racial/ethnic differences in family formation are well-documented and scholars have often pointed to both structural and cultural/ideational factors to explain them. Yet, investigations into the role that cultural/ideational differences play have been sparse and limited in numerous ways. Using NLSY79 data, this study investigates how variations in family formation intentions explain group differences in family formation outcomes for the occurrence, timing, and sequencing of marriage and parenthood. Significant differences in family formation outcomes and intentions are found across race/ethnicity. Intentions for marriage entry and timing explain approximate 33% of the Black-White difference in age at first marriage and substantially suppress Hispanic-White differences in age at marriage. For other outcomes – ever marrying, becoming a parent, age at first birth, and nonmarital childbearing – intentions account for less than 10% of group differences.
Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Daniel L. "Do Differences in Intentions Explain Racial/Ethnic Variation in Family Formation Outcomes?" Presented: San Francisco CA, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2014.
5. Carlson, Daniel L.
McNulty, Thomas L.
Bellair, Paul E.
Watts, Stephen J.
Neighborhoods and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior
Journal of Youth and Adolescence 43,9 (September 2014): 1536-1549.
Also: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-013-0052-0/fulltext.html
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Springer
Keyword(s): Ethnic Differences; Geocoded Data; Neighborhood Effects; Poverty; Racial Differences; Risk-Taking; Sexual Activity; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Understanding the determinants of racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent sexual risk behavior is important given its links to the differential risk of teen pregnancy, childbearing, and sexually transmitted infections. This article tests a contextual model that emphasizes the concentration of neighborhood disadvantage in shaping racial/ethnic disparities in sexual risk behavior. We focus on two risk behaviors that are prevalent among Black and Hispanic youth: the initiation of sexual activity in adolescence and the number of sex partners. Using data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Study of Youth (N = 6,985; 48% female; 57% non-Hispanic White) evidence indicates that neighborhood disadvantage—measured by concentrated poverty, unemployment rates, and the proportion of female-headed households—partially explains Black and Hispanic disparities from Whites in the odds of adolescent sexual debut, although the prevalence of female-headed households in neighborhoods appears to be the main driver in this domain. Likewise, accounting for neighborhood disadvantage reduces the Black-White and Hispanic-White disparity in the number of sexual partners, although less so relative to sexual debut. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Daniel L., Thomas L. McNulty, Paul E. Bellair and Stephen J. Watts. "Neighborhoods and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 43,9 (September 2014): 1536-1549.
6. Carlson, Daniel L.
Williams, Kristi
Parenthood, Life Course Expectations, and Mental Health
Society and Mental Health 1,1 (March 2011): 20-40.
Also: http://smh.sagepub.com/content/1/1/20.abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Society and Mental Health
Keyword(s): Childbearing, Premarital/Nonmarital; Ethnic Differences; First Birth; Health, Mental/Psychological; Life Course; Marriage; Parenthood; Racial Differences

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Although past research indicates that giving birth at a young age and prior to marriage negatively affects mental health, little is known about the role of individual expectations in shaping these associations. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, the authors consider how individual expectations for the sequencing of marriage and parenthood and the timing of first births shape mental health outcomes associated with premarital childbearing and age at first birth, and they investigate variation in the role of expectations across gender and race/ethnicity. Results indicate that expecting children before marriage ameliorates the negative mental health consequences of premarital first births and that subsequently deviating from expected birth timing, either early or late, results in increased distress at all birth ages. In both cases, however, the degree and manner in which expectations matter differ by gender and race/ethnicity. Expectations for premarital childbearing matter only for African Americans’ mental health, and although later-than-expected births are associated with decreased mental health for all groups, earlier-than-expected births are associated only with decreased mental health for women, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites.
Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Daniel L. and Kristi Williams. "Parenthood, Life Course Expectations, and Mental Health." Society and Mental Health 1,1 (March 2011): 20-40.
7. Lynch, Jamie L.
Carlson, Daniel L.
Educational Attainment and Alcohol Use before, during and after College
Presented: New Orleans LA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 2013
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; College Enrollment; Educational Attainment

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The well-educated tend to have lower levels of morbidity and mortality than their less-educated counterparts. Although college attendance is generally associated with improved well-being and health behaviors, research suggests one exception – college attendance increases risky drinking. If a college education is linked with improved health, why is college attendance associated with an increase in alcohol use? This study attempts to resolve this theoretical disparity by comparing the drinking patterns of youth who do and do not attend college before, during, and after typical college ages. Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 cohort, indicate that although college attenders increase their drinking during their college years, college-non-attenders drink more, and more riskily, at the same ages. In general, our results confirm a negative relationship between educational attainment and risky drinking, but suggest that this relationship is driven by selection rather than a causal effect of educational attainment.
Bibliography Citation
Lynch, Jamie L. and Daniel L. Carlson. "Educational Attainment and Alcohol Use before, during and after College." Presented: New Orleans LA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 2013.