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Author: Conwell, Jordan A.

Resulting in 4 citations.

1.	Conwell, Jordan A. Quadlin, Natasha Y.
1.	Race, Gender, Higher Education, and Socioeconomic Attainment: Evidence from Baby Boomers at Midlife Social Forces 100,3 (March 2022): 990-1024. Also: https://academic.oup.com/sf/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/sf/soab010/6155846 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Oxford University Press Keyword(s): College Characteristics; Colleges; Educational Returns; Ethnic Differences; Hispanics; Labor Force Participation; Labor Market Outcomes; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This article investigates White, Black, and Hispanic men's and women's access and midlife labor market returns to college quality. To do so, we use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 Cohort (NLSY-79), merged with college quality information from the Barron's Admissions Competitiveness Index. Although prior research has investigated similar dynamics in access and returns to higher education, this work typically excludes Hispanics and does not assess enrollments at community colleges and other less competitive colleges where Black and Hispanic enrollments tend to cluster. We find that Black-White and Hispanic-White differences in college quality, to Whites' advantage, were fully explained or reversed once we accounted for differences in students' backgrounds. At midlife, Hispanic and especially Black men had lower rates of labor force participation than White men who attended colleges of the same quality. Including such differences (i.e., years of no or part-time work) in assessing the earnings returns to college quality demonstrated striking disadvantages facing college-educated Black men relative to White men, which were not fully accounted for by background characteristics. Employment and earnings returns to college quality were not as disparate by race for women. Relative to White women, we find earnings advantages for Hispanic women among those who attended community colleges. This article demonstrates the utility of taking an intersectional and life course approach to the study of higher education and the economic returns to schooling.
	Bibliography Citation Conwell, Jordan A. and Natasha Y. Quadlin. "Race, Gender, Higher Education, and Socioeconomic Attainment: Evidence from Baby Boomers at Midlife." Social Forces 100,3 (March 2022): 990-1024.

2.	Conwell, Jordan A. Ye, Leafia Zi
2.	All Wealth Is Not Created Equal: Race, Parental Net Worth, and Children's Achievement RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 7,3 Wealth Inequality and Child Development: Implications for Policy and Practice (August 2021): 101-121. Also: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7758/rsf.2021.7.3.05 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation Keyword(s): Ethnic Differences; Family Resources; Net Worth; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Racial Differences Using data from the children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort, spanning 1986 to 2014, we investigated whether White, Black, and Hispanic children whose parents had the same wealth, measured as net worth, have equal math and reading achievement trajectories from age five through fourteen. Black and Hispanic children often had significantly worse scores than same-wealth Whites. We also found racial variation, to the disadvantage of Blacks and Hispanics relative to same-wealth Whites, in measures of family demographic context and financial portfolio composition, both of which research has linked to children's achievement. Whereas previous research has found that structural racial inequality contributes to racial differences in wealth, we find evidence of similar processes in same-wealth comparisons that have potential implications for children's academic success.
	Bibliography Citation Conwell, Jordan A. and Leafia Zi Ye. "All Wealth Is Not Created Equal: Race, Parental Net Worth, and Children's Achievement." RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 7,3 Wealth Inequality and Child Development: Implications for Policy and Practice (August 2021): 101-121.

3.	Quadlin, Natasha Y. Conwell, Jordan A. Rouhani, Shiva
3.	The Economic Context of Higher Education Expansion: Race, Gender, and Household Finances Across Cohorts and Generations Journal of Family and Economic Issues published online (01 July 2023). Also: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-023-09918-8 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY97 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Debt/Borrowing; Economics of Minorities; Education; Education, Adult; Education, Postsecondary; Educational Attainment; Educational Costs; Finances, Household; Higher Education; Income; Racial Equality/Inequality; Student Loans / Student Aid; Wealth; Women, Black Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This article assesses how the economic context of higher education expansion since the mid-20th century has shaped families’ financial lives—in terms of income and wealth/debt—as well as how these trends have differed for Black and White women and men. We use data from the NLSY-79 (comprising trailing-edge Baby Boomers) and NLSY-97 (comprising early Millennials) to show how academically similar students in these two cohorts fared in terms of educational attainment, household income, household wealth, and total student debt accrued by age 35. While we discuss findings across race-gender groups, our results call attention to the education-related economic disadvantages faced by Black women that have accelerated across cohorts. Over time, Black women’s educational attainment has increased substantially, and high-achieving Black women, in particular, have become uniquely likely to progress beyond the BA. But while high-achieving Black women have made many advances in higher education, they also have become more likely than similarly high-achieving White men, White women, and Black men to have zero or negative wealth at the household level, and to accrue student debt for themselves and for their children. Our findings demonstrate that the costs of expanded access to credit for higher education have not been borne equally across race, gender, and achievement, and that these patterns have multigenerational financial consequences for college attendees and their families.
	Bibliography Citation Quadlin, Natasha Y., Jordan A. Conwell and Shiva Rouhani. "The Economic Context of Higher Education Expansion: Race, Gender, and Household Finances Across Cohorts and Generations." Journal of Family and Economic Issues published online (01 July 2023).

4.	Wang, Jia Conwell, Jordan A.
4.	Higher Education and Health at Midlife: Evaluating the Role of College Quality SSM - Population Health published online (11 September 2022): 101228. Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827322002075 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): College Characteristics; Health, Mental/Psychological; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale Using the longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 linked with external data on college characteristics (N = 7056), this study illustrates an independent stratifying role of college quality in shaping health. College quality has significant and positive influences on physical health, and this positive association tends to strengthen across 40 and 50. By contrast, attending higher-quality colleges is not associated with mental health at either age 40 or age 50. Decompositions were conducted to assess the extent to which early life and demographic characteristics, employment and economic conditions, health behaviors, and family relationships account for observed patterns. Our study highlights the necessity for future research on education and health to incorporate characteristics of schools attended; reveals variation in the college quality-health nexus by specific health outcomes; and provides new insights into understanding health inequalities across the life course.
	Bibliography Citation Wang, Jia and Jordan A. Conwell. "Higher Education and Health at Midlife: Evaluating the Role of College Quality." SSM - Population Health published online (11 September 2022): 101228.

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