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Author: Crutchfield, Robert D.
Resulting in 5 citations.
1. |
Crutchfield, Robert D. |
Ethnicity, Labor Markets, and Crime In: Ethnicity, Race, And Crime: Perspectives Across Time and Place. D.F. Hawkins, ed. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1995: pp. 194-211 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: State University of New York Press Keyword(s): Crime; Ethnic Groups/Ethnicity; Illegal Activities; Job Tenure; Labor Market Studies, Geographic; Racial Differences; Racial Studies Examines the relationship between racial and labor market disadvantage and criminality, based on data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth Labor Market Experience for blacks, Latinos, and whites and their relationship to crime rates for these populations. Findings indicate that the more frequently blacks are out of work, especially if they live in a poverty-stricken area, the more likely they are to be involved in a violent or property-related crime; jobs with expected long duration have a dampening effect on this trend. The opposite is true of whites and Latinos, who are more likely to commit crimes when stably employed. It is concluded that not only work, but also the context of the labor market, affects rates of criminality. 3 Tables, 28 References. J. MacDowell (Copyright 1996, Sociological Abstracts, Inc., all rights reserved.) |
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Bibliography Citation
Crutchfield, Robert D. "Ethnicity, Labor Markets, and Crime" In: Ethnicity, Race, And Crime: Perspectives Across Time and Place. D.F. Hawkins, ed. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1995: pp. 194-211
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Crutchfield, Robert D. Pitchford, Susan R. |
Work and Crime: The Effects of Labor Stratification Social Forces 76,1 (September 1997): 93-118. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2580319 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: University of North Carolina Press Keyword(s): Crime; Illegal Activities; Job Satisfaction; Labor Market, Secondary; Teenagers Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Crutchfield and Pitchford use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to test the hypothesis that young adults employed in what are described as "secondary sector jobs" are more likely to engage in crime than those in more stable jobs. Copyright University of North Carolina Press 1997. Full text online. UMI can supply photocopy. |
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Bibliography Citation
Crutchfield, Robert D. and Susan R. Pitchford. "Work and Crime: The Effects of Labor Stratification." Social Forces 76,1 (September 1997): 93-118.
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Crutchfield, Robert D. Wadsworth, Tim |
Aggravated Inequality: Delinquency, School, and Neighborhood Disadvantage Presented: St. Louis MO, Youth Violence Prevention Conference, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri-St. Louis, April 2008 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri-St. Louis Keyword(s): Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Employment, Youth; High School Diploma; Illegal Activities; Neighborhood Effects; Rural/Urban Differences; School Completion; School Progress; Unemployment Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. |
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Bibliography Citation
Crutchfield, Robert D. and Tim Wadsworth. "Aggravated Inequality: Delinquency, School, and Neighborhood Disadvantage." Presented: St. Louis MO, Youth Violence Prevention Conference, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri-St. Louis, April 2008. |
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Crutchfield, Robert D. Wadsworth, Tim |
Aggravated Inequality: Neighborhood Economics, Schools, and Juvenile Delinquency In: Economics and Youth Violence: Crime, Disadvantage, and Community. Rosenfeld et al, eds. New York, NY: NYU Press, 2013 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: New York University Press Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Employment, Youth; Geocoded Data; Neighborhood Effects; Parental Influences; School Performance Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The authors of this chapter address the issue of urban crime among adolescents through the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and youth investment in school, looking at the effects of three factors: neighborhood economic trends, parental work experience, and youth employment. The dependent variable was an index of delinquent behavior. |
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Bibliography Citation
Crutchfield, Robert D. and Tim Wadsworth. "Aggravated Inequality: Neighborhood Economics, Schools, and Juvenile Delinquency" In: Economics and Youth Violence: Crime, Disadvantage, and Community. Rosenfeld et al, eds. New York, NY: NYU Press, 2013
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Crutchfield, Robert D. Wadsworth, Tim Groninger, Heather Drakulich, Kevin |
Labor Force Participation, Labor Markets, and Crime, Final Report U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, May 12, 2006. Also: http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/214515.pdf Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult, NLSY97 Publisher: U.S. Department of Justice Keyword(s): Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Employment, Youth; Geocoded Data; High School Diploma; Illegal Activities; Neighborhood Effects; Rural/Urban Differences; School Completion; School Progress; Unemployment, Youth Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This study examined how employment and educational experiences as well as characteristics of the neighborhood of residence interacted to influence young adults' involvement in crime. A modest relationship was found between employment experiences and crime involvement. Those who were employed were less likely to report committing a crime in the year prior to their interview. Those involved in low skilled, less satisfying, and/or temporary jobs were more likely to have committed crimes. These findings, however, were true only for the young adults in urban areas, not those in rural areas. In rural areas, employment was unrelated to young adult criminality. Neighborhood characteristics were found to have little direct influence on the criminal behavior of young adults, and the fact or characteristics of employment were not related to the level of disadvantage of the neighborhood where respondents lived. Apparently local labor markets were more important than neighborhood characteristics in determining employment experiences. Educational experience, most notably attachment to school and to lesser extent respondents' grades, was modestly related to criminal behavior. The influence of grades on delinquency was conditioned by neighborhood disadvantage, the proportion of residents in marginal jobs, and the proportion of adults who held high school diplomas. The researchers recommend making school and educational experience the primary focus for delinquency prevention. The two datasets used in the study are referred to as the Children of the NLSY and the NLSY97. These data were combined with the 2000 census data. The NLSY97 cohort consists of approximately 9,000 youths, ages 12-16, initially assessed in 1997 and followed every year thereafter. It is designed to represent youths living in the United States in 1997 who were born in the years 1980-84. The respondents were between the ages of 18 and 20 when last interviewed. |
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Bibliography Citation
Crutchfield, Robert D., Tim Wadsworth, Heather Groninger and Kevin Drakulich. "Labor Force Participation, Labor Markets, and Crime, Final Report." U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, May 12, 2006. |