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Author: Greene, Angela Dungee

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1.	Greene, Angela Dungee Emig, Carol
1.	Conference on Father Involvement: A Summary Report Bethesda, MD, NICHD Family and Child Well-Being Research Network by Child Trends, July 1997 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Keyword(s): Children, Well-Being; Fathers, Absence; Fathers, Biological; Fathers, Involvement; Household Composition; Parents, Single This report summarizes the presentations and findings from the "Conference on Father Involvement" which took place on October 10 and 11, 1996 and the half-day Methodology Workshop held on October 12, 1996. These activities were sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Family and Child Well-Being Research Network. Conference organizers invited noted researchers to present multidisciplinary perspectives on the study of fatherhood and empirical papers examining aspects of two broad and complementary questions pertaining to factors that predict increased involvement of fathers and the impact of father involvement on child outcomes. Following the main conference a Methodology Workshop was held to provide a forum for more in-depth discussion of methodological issues related to the study of father involvement. This conference was the third in a year-long series of meetings designed to improve the capacity of the federal statistical system to conceptualize, measure, and gather information from men about their fertility and their role as fathers. This series of meetings was organized by representatives of the various federal agencies that gather and use data on children and families, with significant input from leading members of the research community and support from the Ford, Kaiser, and Annie E. Casey Foundations. In addition, the comprehensive work of the Center on Fathers and Families (NCOFF) at the University of Pennsylvania enhances the federal initiative to improve data on fathers. The other meetings in this series' are described in the introduction to this report (pp. 1-5).
	Bibliography Citation Greene, Angela Dungee and Carol Emig. "Conference on Father Involvement: A Summary Report." Bethesda, MD, NICHD Family and Child Well-Being Research Network by Child Trends, July 1997.

2.	Moore, Kristin Anderson Morrison, Donna Ruane Greene, Angela Dungee
2.	Children Born to Teenage Mothers: Analyses of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth - Child Supplement and the National Survey of Children Report, Child Trends, Washington DC, January 1995. Also: http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED415998&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED415998 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Child Trends, Inc. Keyword(s): Age at Birth; Age at First Birth; Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Child Health; Childbearing, Adolescent; Children, Health Care; Children, Mental Health; Children, Well-Being; Cognitive Development; Educational Attainment; Family Environment; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Mothers, Behavior; National Survey of Children (NSC); Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Parental Influences; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Runaways; Sexual Behavior; Substance Use ED415998 This study compared the well-being of children born to mothers younger than 17 years old(very young teens), 18 to 19 years old (older teens), and mothers in their early twenties. Measures of well-being were assessed in five domains: (1) health and psychological well-being; (2) quality of home environment; (3) cognitive development and educational attainment; (4) behavior problems and substance abuse; and (5) sexual experiences and first births. The study also examined the effects of mother's age at first birth on child well-being. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Child Supplement (NLSY-CS) and the National Survey of Children (NSC). Major findings indicated that although controlling for maternal background characteristics reduced the effects of teen motherhood on child well-being, the deleterious effect of being born to young teens remained statistically significant on children's cognitive achievement scores, grade repetition, teacher rating of school performance, and home environment quality. The deleterious consequences of teen childbearing extended to their subsequent children. There was a persistently negative effect of early childbearing in the cognitive domain. The NLSY-CS revealed that 4- to 14-year-old children of the youngest teens performed more poorly on tests of cognitive ability, and NSC results showed that the offspring of teens were more likely to be retained and less likely to be perceived by their teachers as performing favorably in high school. Behavior difficulties such as running away, early sexual activity, and teen motherhood emerged among children in the NSC.
	Bibliography Citation Moore, Kristin Anderson, Donna Ruane Morrison and Angela Dungee Greene. "Children Born to Teenage Mothers: Analyses of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth - Child Supplement and the National Survey of Children." Report, Child Trends, Washington DC, January 1995.

3.	Moore, Kristin Anderson Morrison, Donna Ruane Greene, Angela Dungee
3.	Effects on Children Born to Adolescent Mothers In: Kids Having Kids: Economic Costs and Social Consequences of Teen Pregnancy. R.A. Maynard, ed. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press, 1997: pp. 145-173 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Urban Institute Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Behavioral Problems; Birthweight; Child Health; Childbearing, Adolescent; Children; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Mothers, Adolescent; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Pre/post Natal Behavior; Welfare To assess the effects of early childbearing on the children themselves, the authors of this chapter look at four types of outcomes: the quality of the home environment provided to the child; the child's cognitive development and educational attainment; physical and psychological well-being; and behavior problems and substance abuse. They consider these potential impacts for the children when young as well as when adolescents. And they examine whether firstborns fare differently from their siblings. Their major finding are in the areas of home environment and cognitive and educational development. When the mother's background characteristics are controlled, the quality of the home environment (including both emotional support and cognitive stimulation) is over 4 points lower (on a normal scale where the mean is set at 100) for the offspring of young teen mothers than for children whose mothers were 20 to 21 at their birth. The children of young teen mothers also score lower in mathematics and reading recognition (4 points) and in reading comprehension (3 points) in the period up to age 14. These differences carry over into adolescence in the form of greater likelihood of repeating a grade and being rated unfavorably by teachers in high school. Birth order is not important. These deficits are found for subsequent children as well as the firstborn children of young teen mothers.
	Bibliography Citation Moore, Kristin Anderson, Donna Ruane Morrison and Angela Dungee Greene. "Effects on Children Born to Adolescent Mothers" In: Kids Having Kids: Economic Costs and Social Consequences of Teen Pregnancy. R.A. Maynard, ed. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press, 1997: pp. 145-173

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