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Author: Hazarika, Gautam
Resulting in 2 citations.
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Hazarika, Gautam |
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Cost Deterrents and Labor Market Outcomes of Schooling Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Rochester, 1998 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): College Education; Educational Attainment; Endogeneity; Higher Education; Labor Market Outcomes; Pakistan Integrated Household Survey (PIHS); Pakistan, Pakistani; Schooling, Post-secondary; Tuition; Wages This dissertation attempts two related tasks. It studies the effect of schooling costs on educational attainment. Then, given endogenous schooling, it uses measures of such costs to identify the causal effect of schooling on labor market outcomes. The particular outcome studied for the U.S. is hourly wages. For a less developed country, namely Pakistan, the labor market outcome analyzed is farmers' adoption of improved seeds. Chapter 2 studies the effect of the direct and opportunity costs of college upon post-secondary enrollment in the U.S. The direct cost of college is measured by state averages of in-state public four-year college tuition. The opportunity cost of college is reflected by state youth unemployment rates. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) reveal that a rise in public four-year college tuition significantly reduces the probability of post-secondary enrollment. A rise in the state youth unemployment rate provides an impetus to college enrollment, though this appears less pronounced, even reversed, among youth from poorer families. Dampened countercyclical or procyclical college enrollment among less privileged youth is attributed to their inability to borrow unconstrainedly. Chapter 3 estimates the economic return to college education in the U.S. State average public four-year college tuition and its interactions with family permanent income identify the causal effect of endogenous college education on earnings. In an improvement upon previous research, college education is treated as a censored regressor. An ability-schooling interaction in earnings functions is tested. It appears absent in data from the NLSY. The rate of return to college education is 0.08 by the majority of estimates. When the earnings function is taken to be quadratic in schooling, the rate of return to college education at four years of college is 0.07 by the majority of estimates. Chapter 4 uses data from the World Bank's Pakistan Integrated Household Survey (PIHS) to study the effect of farmer schooling on the adoption of improved seeds in Pakistan in 1990-91. Measures of access to education, such as the average distance from schools, identify the causal effect of endogenous schooling on adoption. It is found that schooling measured in years completed does not have a significant effect on the adoption of improved seeds. Adoption, however, is facilitated by schooling in excess of a primary education. |
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Bibliography Citation
Hazarika, Gautam. Cost Deterrents and Labor Market Outcomes of Schooling. Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Rochester, 1998. |
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Hazarika, Gautam |
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The Role of Credit Constraints in the Cyclicality of College Enrolments Education Economics 10,2 (August 2002): 133-144. Also: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09645290210126887 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Carfax Publishing Company ==> Taylor & Francis Keyword(s): College Enrollment; Credit/Credit Constraint; Debt/Borrowing; Household Income; Wealth Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), this paper investigates the effect of plausible credit constraints on the cyclicality of teen college enrolments. It is found that teens from wealthier families are more likely to attend college in regional recessions. However, this countercyclical impetus to enrolments is significantly weaker in teens from less wealthy families. The phenomenon is attributed to credit constraints. Teens from families that possess fewer assets to offer lenders as collateral must finance college mainly with part-time earnings and parental subsidies, sums that may dwindle in recessions, making college less affordable. This paper also examines the influence of regional economic conditions on the type of college attended. In particular, it finds no evidence that teens from less wealthy families favor cheaper community colleges in recessions. Also examined are the effects of regional economic conditions at age 18 on college attainment many years hence. It is found that regional economic conditions at 18 have no significant effect on long-term college attainment. Thus, changes in teen enrolment propensities associated with variation in regional economic conditions are merely timing effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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Bibliography Citation
Hazarika, Gautam. "The Role of Credit Constraints in the Cyclicality of College Enrolments." Education Economics 10,2 (August 2002): 133-144.
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