Search Results
Author: Kershaw, Trace
Resulting in 5 citations.
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Biello, Katie Brooks Ickovics, Jeannette R. Niccolai, Linda Lin, Haiqun Kershaw, Trace |
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Racial Differences in Age at First Sexual Intercourse: Residential Racial Segregation and the Black-White Disparity Among U.S. Adolescents Public Health Reports 128,S1 (March-April 2013): 23-32. Also: http://www.publichealthreports.org/issuecontents.cfm?Volume=128&Issue=7 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Association of Schools of Public Health Keyword(s): Adolescent Sexual Activity; Age at First Intercourse; Census of Population; Pregnancy, Adolescent; Racial Differences; Residential Segregation; Sexual Activity; Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Objectives. The age of adolescents at first sexual intercourse is an important risk factor for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and adolescent pregnancy. Black adolescents are at higher risk than white adolescents for first sexual intercourse at younger ages as well as STDs and pregnancy. Individual- and family-level factors do not fully explain this disparity. We examined whether five dimensions of black-white residential racial segregation can help explain the racial disparity in age at first sexual intercourse. Methods. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 and U.S. Census 2000 data, we performed multiple hierarchical discrete time-to-event analyses on a nationally representative cohort of adolescents followed since 1997. Although the cohort study is ongoing, we used data from 1997 through 2005. Results. Concentration and unevenness significantly modified the association of race and age at first sexual intercourse. However, stratified results suggested differences in the effect of race on age at first sexual intercourse at each level of segregation across dimensions of segregation. Conclusions. Residential racial segregation may modify the black-white disparity in risk of first sexual intercourse at younger ages, but these associations are complex. Future studies should be conducted to elucidate the causal mechanisms. |
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Bibliography Citation
Biello, Katie Brooks, Jeannette R. Ickovics, Linda Niccolai, Haiqun Lin and Trace Kershaw. "Racial Differences in Age at First Sexual Intercourse: Residential Racial Segregation and the Black-White Disparity Among U.S. Adolescents." Public Health Reports 128,S1 (March-April 2013): 23-32.
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| 2. |
Biello, Katie Brooks Sipsma, Heather L. Kershaw, Trace |
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Effect of Teenage Parenthood on Mental Health Trajectories: Does Sex Matter? American Journal of Epidemiology 172,3 (1 August 2010): 279-287. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/172/3/279.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Childbearing, Adolescent; Health, Mental/Psychological; Modeling, Mixed Effects; Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Parenthood; Pregnancy, Adolescent; Teenagers Rates of teenage pregnancy and parenthood in the United States remain high. Although many consequences of teenage parenthood have been well studied, little prospective research has examined its effect on mental health. This study aims to better understand the impact of teenage parenthood on mental health and to determine whether sex modifies this relation. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 (1997-2006), and a matched cohort design, the authors compared changes in the mental health of parenting teenagers and nonparenting teenagers over 6 years of follow-up with mixed-effects regression. The results indicate that mental health improved for all teenagers over 6 years of follow-up. Furthermore, overall, teenage parenthood was not associated with changes in mental health; however, sex modified this relation. Although the mental health of teenage fathers improved at a faster rate compared with nonparenting teenage males, teenage mothers improved at a slower rate compared with nonparenting teenage females. Psychological health has important implications for both the teenage parent and the child. Future studies should aim to better understand the mechanisms through which teenage parenthood impacts mental health among both males and females, and interventions should be developed to ensure mental health among young parents. Copyright of American Journal of Epidemiology is the property of Oxford University Press / UK and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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Bibliography Citation
Biello, Katie Brooks, Heather L. Sipsma and Trace Kershaw. "Effect of Teenage Parenthood on Mental Health Trajectories: Does Sex Matter?" American Journal of Epidemiology 172,3 (1 August 2010): 279-287.
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Sipsma, Heather L. Biello, Katie Brooks Cole-Lewis, Heather Kershaw, Trace |
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Like Father, Like Son: The Intergenerational Cycle of Adolescent Fatherhood American Journal of Public Health 100,3 (March 2010): 517-524 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: American Public Health Association Keyword(s): Adolescent Sexual Activity; Dating; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Ethnic Groups/Ethnicity; Fatherhood; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Mothers, Education; Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes; Racial Studies; Risk-Taking Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Objectives. Strong evidence exists to support an intergenerational cycle of adolescent fatherhood, yet such a cycle has not been studied. We examined whether paternal adolescent fatherhood (i.e., father of study participant was age 19 years or younger when his first child was born) and other factors derived from the ecological systems theory predicted participant adolescent fatherhood. Methods. Data included 1496 young males who were interviewed annually from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. Cox regression survival analysis was used to determine the effect of paternal adolescent fatherhood on participant adolescent fatherhood. Results. Sons of adolescent fathers were 1.8 times more likely to become adolescent fathers than were sons of older fathers, after other risk factors were accounted for. Additionally, factors from each ecological domain-individual (delinquency), family (maternal education), peer (early adolescent dating), and environment (race/ethnicity, physical risk environment)-were independent predictors of adolescent fatherhood. Conclusions. These findings support the need for pregnancy prevention interventions specifically designed for young males who may be at high risk for continuing this cycle. Interventions that address multiple levels of risk will likely be most successful at reducing pregnancies among partners of young men. |
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Bibliography Citation
Sipsma, Heather L., Katie Brooks Biello, Heather Cole-Lewis and Trace Kershaw. "Like Father, Like Son: The Intergenerational Cycle of Adolescent Fatherhood." American Journal of Public Health 100,3 (March 2010): 517-524 .
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Sipsma, Heather L. Ickovics, Jeannette R. Lin, Haiqun Kershaw, Trace |
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Future Expectations Among Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis American Journal of Community Psychology 50,1-2 (September 2012): 169-181. Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/a16u01682300063x/ Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Expectations/Intentions; Sexual Behavior; Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Future expectations have been important predictors of adolescent development and behavior. Its measurement, however, has largely focused on single dimensions and misses potentially important components. This analysis investigates whether an empirically-driven, multidimensional approach to conceptualizing future expectations can substantively contribute to our understanding of adolescent risk behavior. We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to derive subpopulations of adolescents based on their future expectations with latent class analysis. Multinomial regression then determines which covariates from Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory are associated with class membership. After modeling these covariates, we examine whether future expectations is associated with delinquency, substance use, and sexual experience. Our analysis suggests the emergence of four distinct classes labeled the Student Expectations, Student/Drinking Expectations, Victim Expectations, and Drinking/Arrest Expectations classes according to their indicator profiles. These classes differ with respect to covariates associated with membership; furthermore, they are all statistically and differentially associated with at least one adolescent risk behavior. This analysis demonstrates the additional benefit derived from using this multidimensional approach for studying future expectations. Further research is needed to investigate its stability and role in predicting adolescent risk behavior over time. |
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Bibliography Citation
Sipsma, Heather L., Jeannette R. Ickovics, Haiqun Lin and Trace Kershaw. "Future Expectations Among Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis ." American Journal of Community Psychology 50,1-2 (September 2012): 169-181.
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| 5. |
Sipsma, Heather L. Ickovics, Jeannette R. Lin, Haiqun Kershaw, Trace |
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The Impact of Future Expectations on Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior Journal of Youth and Adolescence 44,1 (January 2015): 170-183. Also: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-013-0082-7 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Age at First Birth; Contraception; Expectations/Intentions; Modeling, Latent Class Analysis/Latent Transition Analysis; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Rates of STIs, HIV, and pregnancy remain high among adolescents in the US, and recent approaches to reducing sexual risk have shown limited success. Future expectations, or the extent to which one expects an event to actually occur, may influence sexual risk behavior. This prospective study uses longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (n = 3,205 adolescents; 49.8 % female) to examine the impact of previously derived latent classes of future expectations on sexual risk behavior. Cox regression and latent growth models were used to determine the effect of future expectations on age at first biological child, number of sexual partners, and inconsistent contraception use. The results indicate that classes of future expectations were uniquely associated with each outcome. The latent class reporting expectations of drinking and being arrested was consistently associated with the greatest risks of engaging in sexual risk behavior compared with the referent class, which reported expectations of attending school and little engagement in delinquent behaviors. The class reporting expectations of attending school and drinking was associated with having greater numbers of sexual partners and inconsistent contraception use but not with age at first biological child. The third class, defined by expectations of victimization, was not associated with any outcome in adjusted models, despite being associated with being younger at the birth of their first child in the unadjusted analysis. Gender moderated specific associations between latent classes and sexual risk outcomes. Future expectations, conceptualized as a multidimensional construct, may have a unique ability to explain sexual risk behaviors over time. Future strategies should target multiple expectations and use multiple levels of influence to improve individual future expectations prior to high school and throughout the adolescent period. |
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Bibliography Citation
Sipsma, Heather L., Jeannette R. Ickovics, Haiqun Lin and Trace Kershaw. "The Impact of Future Expectations on Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 44,1 (January 2015): 170-183.
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