Search Results
Author: Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon
Resulting in 3 citations.
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Heflin, Colleen M. Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon |
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Participation in the Unemployment Insurance Program and Childhood Achievement Presented: Boston MA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, May 2014 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Modeling, Fixed Effects; Modeling, Instrumental Variables; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Unemployment Insurance Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Despite evidence linking parental unemployment spells and negative child outcomes, there is very little research that explores how participation in the Unemployment Insurance Program (UI) could buffer these effects. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 79 (NLSY79) and Children of the NLSY79 data, we estimate a series of fixed effects and instrumental variables models to estimate the relationship between UI participation and the Peabody Individual Achievement Test (math and reading comprehension). Once we control for the non-random selection process into UI participation, our results suggest a positive, albeit, tenuous relationship between UI participation and PIAT math scores. None of the models suggests a negative influence of UI participation on child outcomes. |
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Bibliography Citation
Heflin, Colleen M. and Sharon Kukla-Acevedo. "Participation in the Unemployment Insurance Program and Childhood Achievement." Presented: Boston MA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, May 2014. |
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Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon Heflin, Colleen M. |
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Unemployment Compensation's Effect on Early Childhood Development Presented: Baltimore MD, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) Research Conference, November 2012 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) Keyword(s): Benefits, Insurance; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Maternal Employment; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Unemployment Compensation; Unemployment Insurance Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. PURPOSE: Unemployment spells are associated with substantive long-lasting reductions in future earnings and negative mental health status outcomes. The negative effects of unemployment also extend to intergenerational transfers such that parental job displacement, especially of fathers, is correlated with children's lower annual earnings, lower educational achievement, grade retention, and high school completion. Despite ample evidence demonstrating a link between parental unemployment spells and negative child outcomes, there is very little research that explores the role of unemployment insurance (UI) in alleviating these negative intergenerational transfers. DATA: In this study, we will analyze data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 79 (NLSY79) and Children of the NLSY79. The NLSY79 is a panel survey of 12,686 men and women who were 14-21 years old in 1978 and is designed to gather detailed data about employment, education/training, income, fertility, and family characteristics. The data are nationally representative of people living in the United States in 1978. The Children of the NLSY79 is a supplemental survey of all children born to the 6,283 women in the original sample. The supplemental survey provides data on the cognitive development of the children born to these mothers. METHODS: We use a lagged dependent variables approach to model the relationship between early childhood cognitive scores and unemployment insurance receipt. It is possible that parental characteristics associated with employment termination and layoffs are also correlated with child cognitive outcomes. To minimize this selection bias threat, our sample includes only those families who faced an unanticipated firm closure. Our baseline models control for as many measurable characteristics as possible that might differ between short-term and long-term UI participants and be related to child outcomes. However, endogeneity is still a substantial problem because those who leave UI may be systematically different from those who experience prolonged exposure to UI in unmeasured ways that are correlated with child outcomes. To further reduce the possibility of selection bias, we use a family fixed effects model that compares siblings' outcomes when UI was received to those when UI was not received. POLICY IMPLICATIONS: This research can inform public policy in important ways. UI has often been criticized for creating disincentives to find work. However, one very good reason for states to provide UI to displaced workers is to minimize the negative effects of unemployment spells that might be associated with reduced income levels. Currently, very little is known about the effects of parental UI receipt on children's cognitive or behavioral outcomes. This study seeks to address this area of need in the research base, given the current focus and multiple expansions of UI eligibility across the states. |
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Bibliography Citation
Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon and Colleen M. Heflin. "Unemployment Compensation's Effect on Early Childhood Development." Presented: Baltimore MD, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) Research Conference, November 2012. |
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Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon Heflin, Colleen M. |
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Unemployment Insurance Effects on Child Academic Outcomes: Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Children and Youth Services Review 47,3 (December 2014): 246-252. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740914003430 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Modeling, Fixed Effects; Modeling, Instrumental Variables; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Unemployment Insurance Despite evidence linking parental unemployment spells and negative child outcomes, there is very little research that explores how participation in the Unemployment Insurance (UI) Program could buffer these effects. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 79 (NLSY79) and Children of the NLSY79 data, we estimate a series of fixed effects and instrumental variables models to estimate the relationship between UI participation and the Peabody Individual Achievement Test (math and reading comprehension). Once we control for the non-random selection process into UI participation, our results suggest a positive relationship between UI participation and PIAT math scores. None of the models suggests a negative influence of UI participation on child outcomes. |
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Bibliography Citation
Kukla-Acevedo, Sharon and Colleen M. Heflin. "Unemployment Insurance Effects on Child Academic Outcomes: Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth." Children and Youth Services Review 47,3 (December 2014): 246-252.
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