Search Results

Author: McLaughlin, Diane K.
Resulting in 9 citations.
1. Blackwell, Debra L.
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Do Rural Youth Attain Their Educational Goals?
Rural Development Perspectives 13,3 (April 1999): 37-44.
Also: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/rdp/rdp1098/rdp1098e.pdf
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor
Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Family Background and Culture; Gender Differences; Rural Youth; School Characteristics/Rating/Safety; Schooling

Analyzes factors related to educational attainment by rural youth, including family background, school characteristics, and extracurricular activities, by sex; based on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979-90; US.
Bibliography Citation
Blackwell, Debra L. and Diane K. McLaughlin. "Do Rural Youth Attain Their Educational Goals?" Rural Development Perspectives 13,3 (April 1999): 37-44.
2. Hayward, Mark D.
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Handcock, Mark S.
A Distributional Approach to Examining Differences in Life Expectancy
Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Meetings, March 1997
Cohort(s): Older Men
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Heterogeneity; Life Cycle Research; Modeling; Mortality; Variables, Independent - Covariate

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Population heterogeneity in mortality is typically illustrated using group-specific life tables or covariate effects in statistical models. These approaches ignore group differences in the distributions of mortality risks. Here, we use methods of interdistributional comparisons to examine group differences in the distributions of life chances. Using data from the NLS-Older Men Survey, we derive an empirically determined distribution of life expectancy for middle-aged men. The distribution has a long frail tail with the curve becoming convex after life expectancy reaches the mode. This distribution is treated as a baseline distribution of population heterogeneity in mortality We compare other distributions derived from simulations to assess how the effects of improving individuals' life circumstances would alter the distribution of life chances in the population.
Bibliography Citation
Hayward, Mark D., Diane K. McLaughlin and Mark S. Handcock. "A Distributional Approach to Examining Differences in Life Expectancy." Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Meetings, March 1997.
3. Hayward, Mark D.
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Pienta, Amy M.
Does Money Always Buy Health? The SES Gradient Across Geographic Context
Presented: New Orleans, LA, Population Association of America, May 1996
Cohort(s): Older Men
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Education; Geographical Variation; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Income; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Mortality; Rural/Urban Differences; Socioeconomic Status (SES); Wealth

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This analysis assesses geographic differences in older men's mortality. Two issues are considered. First, to what extent do SES differences across urban and rural contexts account for the geographic gap in morality'? Second is the SES gradient equally pervasive across geographic contexts'? In examining these issues, measures of SES are created to evaluate both proximal and distal effects as well as the multifaceted effects arising from education, income, and wealth. Lifestyle mechanisms are also considered. Employing the National Longitudinal Survey of Older Men, hazard models are estimated of both overall and cause-specific mortality. Our findings document a persistent contextual gap in mortality with rural men having lower mortality. The gap is exacerbated, not diminished, when SES characteristics are controlled. The SES gradient across rural/urban contexts is highly sensitive to whether proximal or distal measures of SES are modeled.
Bibliography Citation
Hayward, Mark D., Diane K. McLaughlin and Amy M. Pienta. "Does Money Always Buy Health? The SES Gradient Across Geographic Context." Presented: New Orleans, LA, Population Association of America, May 1996.
4. Hayward, Mark D.
Pienta, Amy M.
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Inequality in Men's Mortality: The Socioeconomic Status Gradient and Geographic Context
Journal of Health and Social Behavior 38,4 (December 1997): 313-330.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2955428
Cohort(s): Older Men
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Age and Ageing; Epidemiology; Health Care; Life Cycle Research; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Mortality; Rural Areas; Rural/Urban Differences; Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Lower mortality for older rural Americans, compared to urban residents, runs counter to rural-urban disparities in health care services and residents' socioeconomic resources. This paradox calls into question the ways in which community conditions influence mortality and contextualized the relationship between individuals' socioeconomic status and health. Drawing on 24 years of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Older Men, we observe that rural older men's life expectancy advantages occur even after controlling for residential differences in social class and lifestyle factors. Our results also show that rural advantages in mortality coincide with a more equitable distribution of life chances across the social classes. The association between social class and mortality is strongest among urban men, arising from socioeconomic conditions throughout the life cycle.
Bibliography Citation
Hayward, Mark D., Amy M. Pienta and Diane K. McLaughlin. "Inequality in Men's Mortality: The Socioeconomic Status Gradient and Geographic Context." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 38,4 (December 1997): 313-330.
5. Lichter, Daniel T.
Kephart, George
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Landry, David J.
Race and the Retreat from Marriage: A Shortage of Marriageable Men?
American Sociological Review 57,6 (December 1992): 781-799.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2096123
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Family Structure; Income Dynamics/Shocks; Marriage; Racial Differences; Sex Ratios

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

We evaluate a marital search model that links the quantity and quality of available men to first marriage transitions among black women and white women in the United States. Our analysis provides a more complex assessment of the hypothesis that racial differences in transitions to first marriage reflect shortages of marriageable men in local marriage markets. We attach several indicators of local marriage market conditions (primarily sex ratios from the 1980 Census) to women's marital histories available in the 1979 through 1986 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Our discrete-time logit models support the following conclusions: (I) A shortage in the quantity and quality of available males in local areas depresses women's transitions to first marriage; (2) economic independence among women (as measured by employment and earnings) is positively associated with entry into marriage; (3) racial differences in mate availability account for a relatively small share of existing racial differences in marriage; (4) indicators of local mate availability nevertheless account for a larger proportion of, observed racial differences in transitions to first marriage than factors such as family background, welfare status and living arrangements (e.g., multigenerational family); (5) the effects of marriage market characteristics are contingent on whether women are "searching" in the marriage market; and (6) the effect of a shortage of "economically attractive" men is not simply an artifact of local demographic deficits of men to marry.
Bibliography Citation
Lichter, Daniel T., George Kephart, Diane K. McLaughlin and David J. Landry. "Race and the Retreat from Marriage: A Shortage of Marriageable Men?" American Sociological Review 57,6 (December 1992): 781-799.
6. Lichter, Daniel T.
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Marriage Markets and Marital Behavior among Low-Income Women
Presented: Ft. Lauderdale, FL, American Statistical Association Winter Conference, Families and Children: Research Findings, Data Needs, and Survey Issues, 1993
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: American Statistical Association
Keyword(s): Behavior; Marriage; Poverty; Women; Work Knowledge

This paper evaluates the relationship between several indicators of the local supply of economically-attractive men and marriage rates among poor and nonpoor women in the United States. Data are from the-1980 PUMS-D and the 1979-86 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Our main goals are (1) to provide a statistical portrait of the pool of marriageable men available for poor women to marry; and (2) to estimate contextual models of first marriage transitions among young poor women. Our results bear on recent state welfare reforms (e.g., wedfare) aimed at reducing disincentives to marry among poor welfare recipients.
Bibliography Citation
Lichter, Daniel T. and Diane K. McLaughlin. "Marriage Markets and Marital Behavior among Low-Income Women." Presented: Ft. Lauderdale, FL, American Statistical Association Winter Conference, Families and Children: Research Findings, Data Needs, and Survey Issues, 1993.
7. Lichter, Daniel T.
McLaughlin, Diane K.
Kephart, George
Landry, David J.
Race, Local Mate Availability, and Transitions to First Marriage Among Young Women
Presented: Denver, CO, Population Association of America Meetings, April 1992
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Marriage; Racial Differences

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The primary objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between spouse availability at the local geographic level and the timing of marital transitions among young women in the United States. Specifically, discrete-time survival methods are used to evaluate contextual models of first marriage transitions among black and white women, linking various marriage market indicators to the individual records from the 1979-85 waves of the NLSY. Indicators of the supply (e.g., sex-ratio imbalances) and "quality" of potential mates (e.g., Wilson's Male Marriability Pool Index) are available from the 1980 Census PUMS-D file. The analytic framework draws heavily on rational choice models of mate selection and on job-search theory.
Bibliography Citation
Lichter, Daniel T., Diane K. McLaughlin, George Kephart and David J. Landry. "Race, Local Mate Availability, and Transitions to First Marriage Among Young Women." Presented: Denver, CO, Population Association of America Meetings, April 1992.
8. McLaughlin, Diane K.
Lichter, Daniel T.
Poverty and the Marital Behavior of Young Women
Journal of Marriage and Family 59,3 (August 1997): 582-594.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/353947
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: National Council on Family Relations
Keyword(s): Employment; Marriage; Poverty; Racial Differences; Welfare; Women

Marriage provides one route out of poverty and long-term reliance on welfare, yet little is known about the factors that encourage or impede marriage among poor, young women. We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine first marriage transitions for poor young women and young women who are not poor. We find that the latter are more likely to marry than poor women, but poor women who have jobs are more likely to marry than those who do not have jobs. Poor Black women have the same probability of marriage as poor White women, after controlling for differences in economic independence, mate availability, and family culture and living arrangements. The receipt of welfare was not associated with marriage propensity for either poor women or women who are not poor. Lower mate availability and higher average welfare payments in a local area depressed the probability of marriage among poor women but had no influence on the probability of marriage among women who are not poor.
Bibliography Citation
McLaughlin, Diane K. and Daniel T. Lichter. "Poverty and the Marital Behavior of Young Women." Journal of Marriage and Family 59,3 (August 1997): 582-594.
9. McLaughlin, Diane K.
Lichter, Daniel T.
Johnston, Gail M.
Some Women Marry Young: Transitions to First Marriage in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas
Journal of Marriage and Family 55,4 (November 1993): 827-838.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/352765
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: National Council on Family Relations
Keyword(s): Demography; Ethnic Differences; Ethnic Groups/Ethnicity; Marriage; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Rural/Urban Differences

We examine the extent to which the timing of first marriage differs for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan young women. Individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth are matched to local marriage market conditions to estimate discrete time hazard models of transitions to first marriage. Young nonmetropolitan women marry at a younger age than metropolitan women, a difference only partially explained by variations in the attributes of the young women, their families, and the local marriage market. The effects of receipt of public assistance and local mate availability on the transition to first marriage differ for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan young women.
Bibliography Citation
McLaughlin, Diane K., Daniel T. Lichter and Gail M. Johnston. "Some Women Marry Young: Transitions to First Marriage in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas." Journal of Marriage and Family 55,4 (November 1993): 827-838.