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Author: McWilliams, Abagail

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1.	Keith, Kristen K. McWilliams, Abagail
1.	Job Mobility and Gender-Based Wage Growth Differentials Economic Inquiry 35,2 (April 1997): 320-333. Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1997.tb01913.x/abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Western Economic Association International Keyword(s): Gender Differences; Mobility, Occupational; Wage Differentials; Wage Growth Studies of gender differences in the returns to job mobility have yielded conflicting results. The issue of whether there are gender differences in mobility patterns or in the returns to different types of mobility. The results, based on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, imply that there are gender differences in mobility patterns, but there are not gender differences in the wage growth associated with different types of mobility. Therefore, it appears that empirical estimates of the gender differences in the returns to job mobility may be misleading if they do not consider the cause of separation.
	Bibliography Citation Keith, Kristen K. and Abagail McWilliams. "Job Mobility and Gender-Based Wage Growth Differentials." Economic Inquiry 35,2 (April 1997): 320-333.

2.	Keith, Kristen K. McWilliams, Abagail
2.	Mobility, Job Search, and Wage Growth: Are There Gender Differences? Preliminary Draft, Arizona State University West, June 1994 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Author Keyword(s): Behavioral Differences; Childhood Education, Early; Discrimination, Sex; Gender Differences; Job Search; Job Skills; Mobility; Wage Differentials; Wage Gap; Wage Growth Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. It is well established that some gender differences exist in employment in the U.S. The most widely researched and discussed is the difference in wages. Men, on average, earn more than women. Additionally, there is evidence that the gap widens over the work life of men and women. There is still a great deal of controversy over the causes of this wage gap. While the evidence on wage differences in both consistent and persistent, we still do not know why this gender difference exists. Explanations of the gender gap usually fall into two broad categories: sexual discrimination and gender differences in behavior. In this paper we add to the explanation of the gender wage gap by extending the research on gender differences in behavior. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth are used to examine the mobility patterns of young men and women, the effect of different types of mobility on wage growth, the job search propensities of young men and women, the effect of job search on wage growth, and the wage growth of young men and women.
	Bibliography Citation Keith, Kristen K. and Abagail McWilliams. "Mobility, Job Search, and Wage Growth: Are There Gender Differences?" Preliminary Draft, Arizona State University West, June 1994.

3.	Keith, Kristen K. McWilliams, Abagail
3.	The Returns to Mobility and Job Search by Gender Industrial and Labor Relations Review 52,3 (April 1999): 460-477. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2525145 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University Keyword(s): Gender Differences; Job Patterns; Job Search; Mobility, Occupational; Wage Growth Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the authors estimate the returns to job search, mobility, and the interaction of search and mobility for young men and women. They find statistically significant gender differences in mobility patterns and search behavior, but not in the returns to a given behavior. Both men and women engaged in substantial job search and mobility early in their careers, which resulted in wage growth premiums. There is evidence of an interactive effect: returns to search were realized through mobility, and returns to mobility were augmented by search. COPYRIGHT: Copyright New York State School of Industrial & Labor Relations 1999.
	Bibliography Citation Keith, Kristen K. and Abagail McWilliams. "The Returns to Mobility and Job Search by Gender." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 52,3 (April 1999): 460-477.

4.	Keith, Kristen K. McWilliams, Abagail
4.	The Wage Effects of Cumulative Job Mobility Industrial and Labor Relations Review 49,1 (October 1995): 121-137. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2524916 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Cornell University Press Keyword(s): Industrial Training; Layoffs; Quits; Schooling; Skills; Training; Wage Differentials; Wage Effects; Wage Levels This analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth shows that cumulative job mobility had statistically significant effects on wages in the years 1979-88. The direction of the wage effects (positive or negative) and their magnitude varied depending on the type of cumulative mobility examined: employee-initiated versus employer-initiated separations, economic versus family-related quits, layoffs versus discharges. The results also indicate that although men and women had different mobility histories--men, for example, had been discharged more often than women, and women had quit for family-related reasons more often than men--the wage effects of each type of cumulative mobility (economic quits, family-related quits, layoffs, and discharges) were similar for men and women.
	Bibliography Citation Keith, Kristen K. and Abagail McWilliams. "The Wage Effects of Cumulative Job Mobility." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 49,1 (October 1995): 121-137.

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