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Author: Qian, Zhenchao
Resulting in 12 citations.
1. Han, Siqi
Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Gendered Transitions to Adulthood by College Field of Study
Presented: Washington DC, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, March-April 2016
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): College Graduates; College Major/Field of Study/Courses; Gender Differences; STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics); Transition, Adulthood

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

College graduates' experiences in the labor market are stratified by field of study, and field of study in turn determines the timing of transitions to marriage and parenthood. We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort to investigate gendered influences of college field of study on transitions to a series of adult roles, including full-time work, marriage, and parenthood. Among men majoring in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM), we find evidence of role complementarity, with early achievement of full-time work accompanied by earlier family formation. By contrast, women majoring in STEM reap fewer rewards with respect to finding full-time work, and delay marriage and childbearing. Women in business demonstrate role complementarity similar to that of men majoring in STEM. The contrast between women in STEM and business suggests that women's decisions regarding marriage and parenthood do not respond uniformly to the economic prospects of their work.

Also presented at Seattle WA, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2016.

Bibliography Citation
Han, Siqi, Dmitry Tumin and Zhenchao Qian. "Gendered Transitions to Adulthood by College Field of Study." Presented: Washington DC, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, March-April 2016.
2. Han, Siqi
Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Gendered Transitions to Adulthood by College Field of Study in the United States
Demographic Research 35, Article 31 (July-December 2016): 929-960.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/26332099
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Keyword(s): College Graduates; College Major/Field of Study/Courses; Gender Differences; Marriage; Parenthood; STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics); Transition, Adulthood

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Objective: The current study examines gendered influences of college field of study on transitions to a series of adult roles, including full-time work, marriage, and parenthood.

Methods: We use Cox proportional hazards models and multinomial logistic regression to examine gendered associations between field of study and the three transitions among college graduates of the NLSY97 (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth) cohort.

Results: Men majoring in STEM achieve early transitions to full-time work, marriage, and parenthood; women majoring in STEM show no significant advantage in finding full-time work and delayed marriage and childbearing; women in business have earlier transitions to full-time work and marriage than women in other fields, demonstrating an advantage similar to that of men in STEM.

Bibliography Citation
Han, Siqi, Dmitry Tumin and Zhenchao Qian. "Gendered Transitions to Adulthood by College Field of Study in the United States." Demographic Research 35, Article 31 (July-December 2016): 929-960.
3. Lichter, Daniel T.
Qian, Zhenchao
Serial Cohabitation and the Marital Life Course
Journal of Marriage and Family 70,4 (November 2008): 861-878.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00532.x/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. => Wiley Online
Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Divorce; Life Course; Marriage

Using cohort data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper tracks the experiences of serial cohabitors . Results indicate that only a minority of cohabiting women (about 15% - 20%) were involved in multiple cohabitations. Serial cohabitations were overrepresented among economically disadvantaged groups, especially those with low income and education. They also were less likely than single-instance cohabiting unions to end in marriage rather than dissolve. If serial cohabitors married, divorce rates were very high -- more than twice as high as for women who cohabited only with their eventual husbands. The results suggest the need to balance the government's current preoccupation with marriage promotion with greater support of "at risk" unions that marriage promotion initiatives have helped create. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Bibliography Citation
Lichter, Daniel T. and Zhenchao Qian. "Serial Cohabitation and the Marital Life Course." Journal of Marriage and Family 70,4 (November 2008): 861-878.
4. Lichter, Daniel T.
Qian, Zhenchao
Mellott, Leanna Marie
Marriage or Dissolution? Union Transitions Among Poor Cohabiting Women
Demography 43,2 (May 2006): 223-40.
Also: http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/demography/v043/43.2lichter.pdf
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Income Level; Marriage; Poverty; Women

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The objective of this paper is to identify the incentives and barriers to marriage among cohabiting women, especially disadvantaged mothers who are targets of welfare reform. We use the newly released cohabitation data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979–2000), which tracks the partners of cohabiting women across survey waves. Our results support several conclusions. First, cohabiting unions are short-lived -- about one-half end within one year, and over 90% end by the fifth year. Unlike most previous research, our results show that most cohabiting unions end by dissolution of the relationship rather than by marriage. Second, transitions to marriage are especially unlikely among poor women; less than one-third marry within five years. Cohabitation among poor women is more likely than that among nonpoor women to be a long-term alternative or substitute for traditional marriage. Third, our multinomial analysis of transitions from cohabitation into marriage or dissolution highlights the salience of economically disadvantaged family backgrounds, cohabitation and fertility histories, women's economic resources, and partner characteristics. These results are interpreted in a policy environment that increasingly views marriage as an economic panacea for low-income women and their children.
Bibliography Citation
Lichter, Daniel T., Zhenchao Qian and Leanna Marie Mellott. "Marriage or Dissolution? Union Transitions Among Poor Cohabiting Women." Demography 43,2 (May 2006): 223-40.
5. Mellott, Leanna Marie
Qian, Zhenchao
Lichter, Daniel T.
Like Mother, Like Daughter? The Intergenerational Transmission of Union Formation Patterns
Presented: Philadelphia, PA, American Sociological Association Meetings, August 2005
Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Mothers and Daughters

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Research showed that young adult women whose mothers reported cohabitation were 57 percent more likely than other women to report cohabitation themselves. In addition, daughters of cohabiting mothers tended to cohabit at earlier ages than others.

Data for the study came from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, a nationally representative survey of people nationwide conducted by Ohio State's Center for Human Resource Research. Men and women aged 14 to 22 in 1979 were interviewed annually from 1979 to 1994, and once every two years from 1996 forward. The NLSY also interviewed these participants' children.

This study included data on women in the NLSY who had children who were at least 18 years old by 2000. There were 2,426 of these young adults in this study.

Bibliography Citation
Mellott, Leanna Marie, Zhenchao Qian and Daniel T. Lichter. "Like Mother, Like Daughter? The Intergenerational Transmission of Union Formation Patterns." Presented: Philadelphia, PA, American Sociological Association Meetings, August 2005.
6. Tumin, Dmitry
Han, Siqi
Qian, Zhenchao
Estimates and Meanings of Marital Separation
Journal of Marriage and Family 77,1 (February 2015): 312-322.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.12149/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. => Wiley Online
Keyword(s): Divorce; Marital History/Transitions; Marital Status; National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG); Research Methodology

Marital separation is an informal transition that may precede or substitute for divorce. Various surveys collect data on marital separation, but the data have produced mixed estimates. The authors used data from the 1995 and 2006 waves of the National Survey of Family Growth (N=2,216) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort (NLSY79; N=1,990) to examine separations among women born between 1961 and 1965. In the National Survey of Family Growth, separations were typically short and followed by divorce. In the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort, separations were longer and less likely to end in divorce. The authors relate these discrepancies to differences in study design, question universe, and question wording between the 2 surveys and show that different measures of separation lead to different conclusions about educational and racial/ethnic inequalities in the trajectories of marital disruption.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry, Siqi Han and Zhenchao Qian. "Estimates and Meanings of Marital Separation." Journal of Marriage and Family 77,1 (February 2015): 312-322.
7. Tumin, Dmitry
Han, Siqi
Qian, Zhenchao
Meanings and Measures of Marital Separation
Presented: Boston MA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, May 2014
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Marital Disruption; Marital Status; National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Marital separation is an informal disruption of a marriage that may precede or substitute for a divorce. Data on marital separation have been collected from community and nationally representative samples, but the differences among measures of separation have not been examined. Our study analyzes the prevalence, resolution and duration of marital separations among ever-married women born between 1961 and 1965, using data from nationally representative cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys. Many women report living apart from their first husband, but inferring separations from data on when couples stop living together overestimates marital separations relative to a longitudinal measure that lets respondents define “separation” themselves. Retrospective and longitudinal measures produce different estimates of the proportion of separations ending in divorce, and of separations’ median duration. These discrepancies point to a gap between people’s experience of living apart from their spouse and their perception of separation as a distinct marital state.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry, Siqi Han and Zhenchao Qian. "Meanings and Measures of Marital Separation." Presented: Boston MA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, May 2014.
8. Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Incidence, Predictors, and Resolution of Marital Separations
Presented: Denver CO, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2012
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Divorce; Marital Disruption; Marital Instability; Marital Status; Marriage

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Marital separation is legally and socially ambiguous. Does it indicate an end of a marriage or a process of reconciliation? Little is known about the duration of separation and why some initiate separation and some others move straight to divorce. We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 to explore marital separations in detail. Separation is commonplace: 60% of first marriages lead to separations and 54% of first divorces are preceded by separations. While half of separations last a year or less, some endure for ten years or longer, and may never resolve in a formal divorce. Minorities, women with young children, and the less educated tend to initiate separations rather than divorces and tend to remain separated longer. Our results call attention to separation as a long-term alternative to divorce in vulnerable and disadvantaged populations.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry and Zhenchao Qian. "Incidence, Predictors, and Resolution of Marital Separations." Presented: Denver CO, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2012.
9. Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Marital Separation, Divorce, and Health Consequences
Presented: San Francisco CA, Population Association of America Meetings, May 2012
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Divorce; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Marital Disruption; Marital Dissolution; Marital Instability

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Marital separation is legally and socially ambiguous. Does it indicate an end of a marriage or a process of reconciliation? Little is known about the duration of separation and why some initiate separation and others divorce right away. It is also unclear whether negative health consequences associated with divorce apply to separation. We explore marital separations in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort. Separation is commonplace: 60% of first marriages lead to separations and 54% of first divorces are preceded by separations. Minorities, women with young children, and the less educated tend to separate rather than divorce and tend to remain separated longer. Negative health consequences of separation are statistically indistinguishable from those of divorce. Our results suggest that disadvantaged, vulnerable populations tend to remain separated and the health consequences are likely to be longer lasting for them than for those whose divorces were not preceded by separation.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry and Zhenchao Qian. "Marital Separation, Divorce, and Health Consequences." Presented: San Francisco CA, Population Association of America Meetings, May 2012.
10. Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Marital Transitions and Short-Term Weight Changes
Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Annual Meetings, March 31-April 2, 2011
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Marital Disruption; Marital Instability; Mortality; Obesity; Weight

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Marital transitions cause changes in diet and activity patterns that affect weight. Marriage is linked to weight gain, while marital exit is linked to weight loss. But it is uncertain whether the weight changes that follow marital transitions are significant enough to affect health. We draw on the epidemiological literature to identify short-term weight changes linked to an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth '79, we test whether recent marriages, divorces and separations affect the odds of experiencing various mortality-linked weight changes. We find that marriage predicts large weight gain and transition to obesity, outcomes that are linked to greater mortality risk. Notably, only a minority of newlyweds experience either outcome in the first two years of marriage. We also find that marital exits do not predict greater incidence of hazardous weight change, including weight loss, in early adulthood and midlife.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry and Zhenchao Qian. "Marital Transitions and Short-Term Weight Changes." Presented: Washington, DC, Population Association of America Annual Meetings, March 31-April 2, 2011.
11. Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Marital Transitions and Weight Changes
Presented: Las Vegas NV, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2011
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Divorce; Gender Differences; Marital Dissolution; Marriage; Weight

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Marital transitions cause changes in diet and activity patterns that affect weight. Previous studies show that marriage is linked to weight gain, while marital exit is linked to weight loss. But it is uncertain whether the weight changes that follow marital transitions are significant enough to affect health. Applying marital resource and crisis models, we explore weight changes that predict an increased risk of all-cause mortality in the epidemiological literature. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth ’79, we test whether recent marriages and marital exits affect the odds of experiencing mortality-linked weight changes and explore how sex and age at marital transition is associated with weight changes. We find marriage predicts large weight gain: large gains are more likely for newly married women than men, and more likely for those who married early than those who married later, but level off over time. Marital exits, on the other hand, do not predict weight loss, especially for those who divorce at later ages. We conclude that any marriage transition is, typically, not enough of a shock to lifestyle to elicit large and repeated weight gains.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry and Zhenchao Qian. "Marital Transitions and Weight Changes." Presented: Las Vegas NV, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2011.
12. Tumin, Dmitry
Qian, Zhenchao
Unemployment and the Transition From Separation to Divorce
Journal of Family Issues 38,10 (July 2017): 1389-1413.
Also: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0192513X15600730
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Sage Publications
Keyword(s): Divorce; Gender Differences; Marital Disruption; Marital Status; Unemployment

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Informal marital separation often quickly leads to divorce, but can become long-lasting, especially among disadvantaged populations. In this study, we focus on the timing of divorce after separating and examine how unemployment before or during separation affects this pivotal moment in the divorce process. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 Cohort (N = 2,219), we track unemployment before and during separation and show that men's unemployment during separation, rather than women's, reduces the likelihood of divorce, independent of preseparation unemployment and other characteristics. For men, unemployment during a marital separation prolongs the divorce process, creating an extended period of uncertainty in marital relationships on the brink of dissolution. We discuss the gendered relationship observed between employment status during an informal separation and an estranged couple's decision to complete the divorce process.
Bibliography Citation
Tumin, Dmitry and Zhenchao Qian. "Unemployment and the Transition From Separation to Divorce." Journal of Family Issues 38,10 (July 2017): 1389-1413.