Search Results

Author: Ribar, David C.
Resulting in 13 citations.
1. Cherlin, Andrew J.
Ribar, David C.
Yasutake, Suzumi
Nonmarital First Births, Marriage, and Income Inequality
American Sociological Review 81,4 (August 2016): 749-770.
Also: http://asr.sagepub.com/content/81/4/749
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Childbearing, Premarital/Nonmarital; Cohabitation; First Birth; Income; Marriage; Parents, Single; Wage Differentials

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Many aggregate-level studies suggest a relationship between economic inequality and sociodemographic outcomes such as family formation, health, and mortality; individual-level evidence, however, is lacking. Nor is there satisfactory evidence on the mechanisms by which inequality may have an effect. We study the determinants of transitions to a nonmarital first birth as a single parent or as a cohabiting parent compared to transitions to marriage prior to a first birth among unmarried, childless young adults in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 cohort, from 1997 to 2011. We include measures of county-group-level household income inequality and the availability of jobs typically held by high school graduates that pay above-poverty wages (i.e., middle-skilled jobs). We find that greater income inequality is associated with a reduced likelihood of transitioning to marriage prior to a first birth for both women and men. The association between levels of inequality and transitions to marriage can be partially accounted for by the availability of middle-skilled jobs. Some models also suggest that greater income inequality is associated with a reduced likelihood of transitioning to a first birth while cohabiting.
Bibliography Citation
Cherlin, Andrew J., David C. Ribar and Suzumi Yasutake. "Nonmarital First Births, Marriage, and Income Inequality." American Sociological Review 81,4 (August 2016): 749-770.
2. Kenkel, Donald S.
Ribar, David C.
Alcohol Consumption and Young Adults' Socioeconomic Status
Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: Microeconomics (1994): 119-161
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Brookings Institution
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Deviance; Earnings; Labor Supply; Marital Status; Modeling; Siblings; Socioeconomic Status (SES)

A study finds that drinking generally has no major negative effects on young adults' earnings. Data from the 1979-90 panels of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were obtained for roughly 900 pairs of young people and a same-gender sibling. The NLSY contains detailed information on over 12,000 individuals who were 14 to 21 years old in 1979. Annual data are available for each individual in the survey, and retention through the 1990 panel is about 90 percent. Least squares estimates reveal that young men's earnings fall with drinking, while young women's earnings rise with moderate and heavy drinking. These effects are not statistically significant in longitudinal and sibling estimates, however. Instrumental variable estimates show much larger negative effects of drinking on male earnings, but alcohol consumption seems to increase female hours of work and sometimes raises earnings substantially. A variety of other findings are presented. Comments and discussion by P.J. Cook and Sam Peltzman follow.
Bibliography Citation
Kenkel, Donald S. and David C. Ribar. "Alcohol Consumption and Young Adults' Socioeconomic Status." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: Microeconomics (1994): 119-161.
3. Koch, Steven F.
Ribar, David C.
A Siblings Analysis of the Effects of Alcohol Consumption Onset on Educational Attainment
Contemporary Economic Policy 19,2 (April 2001): 162-174.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2001.tb00058.x/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Western Economic Association International
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Educational Attainment; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Pairs (also see Siblings); Schooling; Siblings

This article examines the relationship between youthful drinking and educational attainment using data on same-sex siblings pairs from the 1979-1990 panels of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Different estimators are considered that can be constructed using siblings data, including estimators that adopt key restrictions of the standard regression, family fixed effect and instrumental variable approaches. The properties of these estimators are also considered under more general conditions and it is shown that under very plausible assumptions the effect of drinking on schooling can be bounded. the study finds that estimates of the schooling consequences of youthful drinking are very sensitive to specification issues. The research concludes that the actual effects of youthful drinking on education are likely to be small. Copyright Western Economic Association Apr 2001.
Bibliography Citation
Koch, Steven F. and David C. Ribar. "A Siblings Analysis of the Effects of Alcohol Consumption Onset on Educational Attainment." Contemporary Economic Policy 19,2 (April 2001): 162-174.
4. Ribar, David C.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Young Women's Fertility and Educational Advancement
Presented: New Orleans, LA, Population Association of America, May 1996
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Childbearing; Educational Attainment; Women's Education

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This study examines the relationship between teenage and young adult women's childbearing and educational advancement using data from the 1979-92 panels of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. It employs the Method of Simulated Moments to estimate discrete-time, discrete-choice models of school advancement and fertility and examines the effects that the frequency, timing and spacing of births have on young women's subsequent decisions to remain in, leave, and re-enter school. The econometric framework accounts for serial correlation in unobserved determinants of schooling as well as cross-equation correlations in the unobserved determinants of schooling and fertility The empirical analysis reveals that once these forms of correlation are taken into account, the estimated educational consequences of fertility are either substantially reduced or eliminated
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "A Longitudinal Analysis of Young Women's Fertility and Educational Advancement." Presented: New Orleans, LA, Population Association of America, May 1996.
5. Ribar, David C.
A Multinomial Logit Analysis of Teenage Fertility and High School Completion
Economics of Education Review 12,2 (June 1993): 153-164.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/027277579390026D
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Fertility; Childbearing; Education; Educational Attainment; Family Background and Culture; Family Planning; High School; High School Completion/Graduates; Household Composition; Pregnancy, Adolescent; Regions; Welfare

Uses data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine economic, institutional, and sociological antecedents of high school completion and adolescent fertility. Welfare generosity appears to have a significant positive effect on adolescent childbearing. Other important determinants of teenage parenthood and educational attainment are family planning clinic availability, family background, religiousness, physical maturity, race, and ethnicity. (MLH)
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "A Multinomial Logit Analysis of Teenage Fertility and High School Completion." Economics of Education Review 12,2 (June 1993): 153-164.
6. Ribar, David C.
Socioeconomic Consequences of Young Women's Childbearing: Reconciling Disparate Evidence
Presented: Miami, FL, Population Association of America Meetings, May 1994
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Educational Attainment; Employment; Family Background and Culture; Income; Marital Status; Welfare

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "Socioeconomic Consequences of Young Women's Childbearing: Reconciling Disparate Evidence." Presented: Miami, FL, Population Association of America Meetings, May 1994.
7. Ribar, David C.
Teenage Fertility and Early Adult Labor Force Participation
Working Paper No. 4-92-1, Department of Economics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, April 1992
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Department of Economics, The Pennsylvania State University
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Benefits; Childbearing; Educational Attainment; Religion; School Completion; Schooling; State Welfare; Teenagers

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "Teenage Fertility and Early Adult Labor Force Participation." Working Paper No. 4-92-1, Department of Economics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, April 1992.
8. Ribar, David C.
Teenage Fertility and High School Completion
Review of Economics and Statistics 76,3 (August 1994): 413-424.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2109967
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Age at Menarche/First Menstruation; Benefits; Childbearing; Educational Attainment; Endogeneity; Family Planning; High School Completion/Graduates; Modeling, Probit; Religious Influences; School Completion; Schooling; Teenagers

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This paper uses 1979-85 data on women from the NLSY to examine the economic and demographic antecedents of adolescent childbearing and high school completion. Teenage fertility and high school completion are modeled as dichotomous variables, and their determinants are estimated using a bivariate probit. Importantly, early fertility is modeled as an endogenous determinant of schooling. Previous studies which have attempted to control for the possible endogeneity of fertility have relied on questionable identifying restrictions. The identifying variables in this paper--age at menarche, state expenditures for family planning services and state contraceptive and abortion restrictions--represent a vast improvement over previous work in that they are theoretically and statistically related with early fertility but not directly associated with schooling. The paper finds that when proper identifying instruments are used teenage fertility appears to have little effect on high school completion. This result is robust to respecification of the dependent variables and respecification of the model generally. The result suggests that policy interventions aimed only at reducing early fertility such as freely distributing contraceptives or increasing the access to family planning clinics may not affect school completion. The paper does find that welfare generosity, family structure, parents' socioeconomic status, religiousness and race are significant determinants of both fertility and schooling. Thus, interventions directed at these underlying causes may be successful in reducing teen childbearing and increasing schooling.
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "Teenage Fertility and High School Completion." Review of Economics and Statistics 76,3 (August 1994): 413-424.
9. Ribar, David C.
Teenage Fertility and High School Completion
Working Paper No. 10-91-2, Department of Economics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, March 1992
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Department of Economics, The Pennsylvania State University
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Benefits; Childbearing, Adolescent; Family Planning; Fertility; Modeling, Probit; Religion; School Completion; State Welfare

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This paper uses 1979-85 data on women from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine the economic, sociological and institutional antecedents of adolescent childbearing and high school completion and to rigorously analyze the effect of early childbearing on school completion. Fertility and school completion are modeled as dichotomous outcomes, and their determinants are estimated using a bivariate probit specification. The paper finds that Medicaid generosity, the availability of family planning services, family background, religiousness and physical maturity are important determinants of early childbearing and that family background and religiousness are important determinants of schooling. Interestingly, the paper finds that teenage fertility has no significant negative effect on high school completion.
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "Teenage Fertility and High School Completion." Working Paper No. 10-91-2, Department of Economics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, March 1992.
10. Ribar, David C.
Teenage Fertility and High School Completion
Presented: Bethesda, MD, NICHD Conference, "Outcomes of Early Childbearing: An Appraisal of Recent Evidence", May 1992
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Benefits; Childbearing, Adolescent; Family Planning; Fertility; Modeling, Probit; Religion; School Completion; State Welfare

This paper uses 1979-85 data on women from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine the economic, sociological and institutional antecedents of adolescent childbearing and high school completion and to rigorously analyze the effect of early childbearing on school completion. Fertility and school completion are modeled as dichotomous outcomes, and their determinants are estimated using a bivariate probit specification. The paper finds that Medicaid generosity, the availability of family planning services, family background, religiousness and physical maturity are important determinants of early childbearing and that family background and religiousness are important determinants of schooling. Interestingly, the paper finds that teenage fertility has no significant negative effect on high school completion.
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "Teenage Fertility and High School Completion." Presented: Bethesda, MD, NICHD Conference, "Outcomes of Early Childbearing: An Appraisal of Recent Evidence", May 1992.
11. Ribar, David C.
The Effect of Teenage Fertility on Young Adult Childbearing
Journal of Population Economics 9,2 (May 1996): 197-218.
Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/0wumu625thlhcj3a/
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Springer
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Child Care; Childbearing, Adolescent; Children; Economics, Demographic; Fertility; First Birth; Heterogeneity; Mobility; Modeling, Probit

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Numerous studies of fertility behavior find that an early age at first birth increases the rate of subsequent childbearing. Typically, however, these studies do not account for the possibility of serial correlation in the unobserved determinants of fertility. Using 1979-92 individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper employs the Method of Simulated Moments to estimate panel probit models of annual birth outcomes. The panel probit models account for several alternative sources of serial correlation. Estimation reveals that once serial correlation is taken into account, the subsequent fertility of early childbearing are either statistically eliminated or reversed.
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "The Effect of Teenage Fertility on Young Adult Childbearing." Journal of Population Economics 9,2 (May 1996): 197-218.
12. Ribar, David C.
The Socioeconomic Consequences of Young Women's Childbearing: Reconciling Disparate Evidence
Journal of Population Economics 12,4 (November 1999): 547-565.
Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/1kglnxugt2gjg9nx/
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Springer
Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Age at First Birth; Childbearing; Educational Attainment; Income; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Siblings; Socioeconomic Factors; Teenagers

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Recent studies have begun to examine rigorously the links between early childbearing and subsequent socioeconomic status. Prominent in this literature has been a set of analyses that have used sibling fixed effects models to control for omitted variables bias. These studies report that the siblings difference procedure leads to smaller estimates of the effects of teen fertility than does standard regression analysis. While it is well known that the siblings fixed effects procedure makes strong assumptions regarding the type of omitted variables and is not necessarily robust to alternative assumptions, the assumptions of the procedure have not been explicitly examined. This paper uses 1979-1992 data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to compare estimates of the income and education consequences of teenage and young adult fertility from standard regression and siblings fixed effects models with estimates from more general, alternative siblings models.
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "The Socioeconomic Consequences of Young Women's Childbearing: Reconciling Disparate Evidence." Journal of Population Economics 12,4 (November 1999): 547-565.
13. Ribar, David C.
What Do Social Scientists Know About the Benefits of Marriage? A Review of Quantitative Methodologies
IZA Discussion Paper No. 998, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), January 2004.
Also: http://ftp.iza.org/dp998.pdf
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)
Keyword(s): Benefits; Children, Well-Being; Cohabitation; Earnings; Family Structure; Health Factors; Marriage; Modeling; National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH); Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Parents, Single; Variables, Instrumental

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This study critically reviews quantitative methods that have been employed and evidence that has been gathered to assess the benefits of marriage and consequences of other family structures. The study begins by describing theoretical models of the determinants of different well-being outcomes and the role of family structure in producing those outcomes. It also discusses models of the determinants of marriage. The study then overviews specific statistical techniques that have been applied in empirical analyses of the effects of marriage, including standard regression, instrumental variables, selection and switching models, matching, non-parametric bounds, fixed effects, and latent factor (correlated random effects) methods. The study then reviews selected studies that have been completed in three domains of well-being outcomes: children's well-being, adults' earnings, and adults' physical health.
Bibliography Citation
Ribar, David C. "What Do Social Scientists Know About the Benefits of Marriage? A Review of Quantitative Methodologies." IZA Discussion Paper No. 998, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), January 2004.