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Author: Schnitzlein, Daniel
Resulting in 2 citations.
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Bratberg, Espen Davis, Jonathan Mazumder, Bhashkar Nybom, Martin Schnitzlein, Daniel Vaage, Kjell |
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A Comparison of Intergenerational Mobility Curves in Germany, Norway, Sweden and the U.S. Working Paper in Economics No. 1/15, Department of Economics, University of Bergen, Norway, February 2015. Also: http://www.uib.no/sites/w3.uib.no/files/attachments/working_paper_01-15.pdf Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: University of Bergen, Norway Keyword(s): Cross-national Analysis; Family Income; German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP); Income Distribution; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Mobility, Economic; Norway, Norwegian; Sweden, Swedish Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. We use two non-parametric measures to characterize intergenerational mobility (IGM) throughout the income distribution: Rank Mobility and Income Share Mobility. We examine differences in these IGM curves between Germany, Norway, Sweden and the United States using comparable samples. Although we find that these curves are approximately linear through most of the income distribution, non-linearities are important in describing cross-country differences. The linear representations of these curves lead to different conclusions regarding cross-country differences depending on the measure. Using ranks, we find that the U.S. is substantially less intergenerationally mobile than the three European countries which have fairly similar degrees of rank mobility. Despite the substantial heterogeneity in intergenerational rank mobility within the U.S., we show that the most mobile region of the U.S. is still less mobile than the least mobile regions of Norway and Sweden. When we use a linear estimator of Income Share Mobility we find that the four countries have very similar rates of IGM. However, there are some notable cross-country differences at the bottom and the top of the income distribution for both types of mobility. For example, the U.S. tends to experience lower upward mobility at the very bottom of the income distribution according to both measures. We conclude that researchers should be careful in drawing conclusions regarding cross-country differences in intergenerational mobility given that the results may be sensitive to the concept being used and to non-linearities. |
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Bibliography Citation
Bratberg, Espen, Jonathan Davis, Bhashkar Mazumder, Martin Nybom, Daniel Schnitzlein and Kjell Vaage. "A Comparison of Intergenerational Mobility Curves in Germany, Norway, Sweden and the U.S." Working Paper in Economics No. 1/15, Department of Economics, University of Bergen, Norway, February 2015. |
| 2. |
Lejarraga, Tomás Schnitzlein, Daniel Dahmann, Sarah C. Hertwig, Ralph |
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Birth-Order Effects on Risk Taking Are Limited to the Family Environment Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences published online (20 November 2023). Also: https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.15085 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: New York Academy of Sciences Keyword(s): Birth Order; Family Dynamics; Family Environment; Family Studies; Personality; Personality Prediction; Psychological Effects; Risk-Taking; Siblings Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Why is the empirical evidence for birth-order effects on human psychology so inconsistent? In contrast to the influential view that competitive dynamics among siblings permanently shape a person's personality, we find evidence that these effects are limited to the family environment. We tested this context-specific learning hypothesis in the domain of risk taking, using two large survey datasets from Germany (SOEP, n = 19,994) and the United States (NLSCYA, n = 29,627) to examine birth-order effects on risk-taking propensity across a wide age range. Specification-curve analyses of a sample of 49,621 observations showed that birth-order effects are prevalent in children aged 10–13 years, but that they decline with age and disappear by middle adulthood. The methodological approach shows the effect is robust. We thus replicate and extend previous work in which we showed no birth-order effects on adult risk taking. We conclude that family dynamics cause birth-order effects on risk taking but that these effects fade as siblings transition out of the home. |
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Bibliography Citation
Lejarraga, Tomás, Daniel Schnitzlein, Sarah C. Dahmann and Ralph Hertwig. "Birth-Order Effects on Risk Taking Are Limited to the Family Environment." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences published online (20 November 2023).
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