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Author: Schochet, Peter Zygmunt

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1.	Heckman, James J. Cameron, Stephen V. Schochet, Peter Zygmunt
1.	Determinants and Consequences of Public Sector and Private Sector Training NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-15, Washington DC: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1992. Also: http://www.bls.gov/ore/abstract/nl/nl920040.htm Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Earnings; Human Capital; Job Training; Job Turnover; Labor Force Participation; Labor Market Outcomes; Life Cycle Research; Private Sector; Public Sector; Training This in-progress research will use data from the NLSY to estimate the determinants and consequences of participation in private and public training programs. Data from the NLSY contain unusually rich longitudinal information on training and labor market activities. For both national representative samples and subsamples of disadvantaged youth, this research will seek answers to the following questions: (1) What are the determinants of participation in private and public sector training programs? (2) What are the determinants of the amount of time spent in training? (3) What are the impacts of different types of training programs on earnings, wage rates, employment, unemployment, job turnover, and subsequent training? (4) To what extent are public and private training programs comparable in affecting wages, employment, job attachment, and unemployment? These issues will be addressed using explicit life cycle dynamic models to control for the bias that potentially plagues naive regression analysis. Selection bias may arise if persons are not randomly selected into training. Two strategies for addressing selection bias problems are proposed. The emphasis in this project will be on the estimation of robust empirical relationships. This project will provide new information on the labor market dynamics of youth and the role of training in generating those dynamics. The analysis will also shed light on the importance of training in accounting for life cycle wage growth and the empirical importance of training complementarity that is featured in the human capital literature. By estimating the importance of family background and resources as determinants of participation in training, and the substitutability of governmental and private training, it is hoped that more will be learned about the efficacy of alternative strategies for affecting labor market outcomes.
	Bibliography Citation Heckman, James J., Stephen V. Cameron and Peter Zygmunt Schochet. "Determinants and Consequences of Public Sector and Private Sector Training." NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-15, Washington DC: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1992.

2.	Schochet, Peter Zygmunt
2.	Alternatives to College Education: Incidence and Returns for Young Males Ph.D. Dissertation, Yale University, 1991 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): College Education; Education, Secondary; Educational Returns; Family Background and Culture; Job Training; Military Training; Modeling, Probit; Training, Post-School; Vocational Training This thesis explores the incidence of and returns to alternatives to college programs for young males using data from the random sample of the 1979-1986 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Econometric methods are used to study government, vocational and commercial, military, company, and two and four year college programs in a unified choice framework. The economic model is based on the notion that individuals choose the program(s) that maximize their expected net present value of lifetime income streams. Family background, demand condition, and ability variables are used to proxy for the individuals' 'costs' of participation in the particular program. The results show that the vast majority of males invested in at most one type of training program, and that most programs were taken within the first four years after secondary school. The multinomial probit model estimates suggest that there exist some significant correlations among the normalized unobservables in the choice equations. The estimates from the earnings equations show that the training variables are almost orthogonal to one another. Therefore, results from previous human capital studies which mostly treat alternative forms of investment programs in isolation are not seriously biased. The returns to the training programs are generally positive and significant. More importantly, it is the amount of time spent in the programs which yields positive effects and not program participation per se. Results suggest that the studied noncollegiate training programs can be productive alternatives to college for those with access to limited resources.
	Bibliography Citation Schochet, Peter Zygmunt. Alternatives to College Education: Incidence and Returns for Young Males. Ph.D. Dissertation, Yale University, 1991.

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