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Author: Thomas, R. William

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1.	Campbell, John M. Thomas, R. William
1.	A Comparison of Alternative Limited Dependent Variable Estimators In: Economics of Fertility, Educational Choice, and Labor Force Behavior: National Institute of Education Monograph. P.R. Gregory, ed. Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Education, 1976 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: National Institute of Education, U.S. Keyword(s): Fertility Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper is included in the monograph by P.R. Gregory, "The Economics of Fertility, Educational Choice and Labor Force Behavior," NIE Monograph, November 1976.
	Bibliography Citation Campbell, John M. and R. William Thomas. "A Comparison of Alternative Limited Dependent Variable Estimators" In: Economics of Fertility, Educational Choice, and Labor Force Behavior: National Institute of Education Monograph. P.R. Gregory, ed. Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Education, 1976

2.	Gregory, Paul R. Thomas, R. William
2.	A Model of Educational Choice Responses to Economic, Attitudinal, and Family Responsibility Factors Working Paper #3. Houston, TX: Fertility, Education, and Labor Force Project, University of Houston, 1975 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: Author Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Fertility; Parental Influences; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper examines the impact of socioeconomic background, attitudes, and family responsibilities on the educational choices of women. Women who undertake family responsibilities early in life tend to sacrifice education and acquisition of human capital. Striking differences occur when comparing black and white educational choice models: (1) rural blacks acquire one year less education than rural whites; (2) different black-white attitudes exist toward children: (3) the black model fails to be affected by the father's occupation; (4) black females' education is retarded more by early births and less by early marriage than is white female education; and (5) parent's education has similar effects on both black and white educational choice.
	Bibliography Citation Gregory, Paul R. and R. William Thomas. "A Model of Educational Choice Responses to Economic, Attitudinal, and Family Responsibility Factors." Working Paper #3. Houston, TX: Fertility, Education, and Labor Force Project, University of Houston, 1975.

3.	Gregory, Paul R. Thomas, R. William
3.	An Eclectic Model of Fertility: Economic, Attitudinal, and Demographic Factors Working Paper #1, Fertility, Education, and Labor Force Project, University of Houston, Houston TX, 1975 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: University of Houston Keyword(s): Chicago-Columbia Fertility; Family Income; Family Size; Fertility; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Occupational Status; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The authors examine fertility determinants of married women (30-44) with spouse present. First, findings show economic variables are significant; however, non-economic variables dominate the explanation of variation in complete fertility. Second, evidence is lacking of a strong positive income effect on complete family size; however, there is substantial evidence of price effects on fertility. Third, wife's age at marriage is the single most important factor in the analysis, and attitudes toward children have a substantial effect. Finally, being black has an impact on family size in that blacks have more children. The hypothesis that completed family size varies directly with relative intergenerational income is not supported by the results.
	Bibliography Citation Gregory, Paul R. and R. William Thomas. "An Eclectic Model of Fertility: Economic, Attitudinal, and Demographic Factors." Working Paper #1, Fertility, Education, and Labor Force Project, University of Houston, Houston TX, 1975.

4.	Gregory, Paul R. Thomas, R. William
4.	Economics of Fertility, Educational Choice and Labor Force Behavior Working Draft, National Institute of Education Monograph, 1976 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: National Institute of Education, U.S. Keyword(s): Children; Educational Attainment; Family Resources; Fertility; Marriage; Schooling; Simultaneity; Socioeconomic Status (SES); Wives Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This monograph summarizes the findings of the investigation of the relationships among family size, educational choice, marital patterns, and labor force behavior of American women between the ages of 30 to 44 in l967. This study, which concentrates on the linkages between fertility and other aspects of household activity, seeks to integrate models of fertility and home and market activities into a comprehensive model of household behavior. To this end, we attempt to develop a household behavior model which reveals the simultaneous linkages among family size, education of parents and children, female earnings patterns, the timing of marriage, and the allocation of time for working, caring for children, and other activities.
	Bibliography Citation Gregory, Paul R. and R. William Thomas. "Economics of Fertility, Educational Choice and Labor Force Behavior." Working Draft, National Institute of Education Monograph, 1976.

5.	Gregory, Paul R. Thomas, R. William
5.	Fertility Behavior of Black and White Families: Some Evidence from the NLS Fertility, Education, and Labor Force Project, Working Paper #2. Houston, TX: University of Houston, 1975 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: University of Houston Keyword(s): Behavior; Black Family; Chicago-Columbia Fertility; Family Income; Family Size; Fertility; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This analysis estimates separate black-white models of fertility using an expanded version of the Chicago-Columbia fertility model. Attitudes toward children (ATC) do not significantly affect black families; however, white families with positive ATC have larger families than those with negative ATCs. The husband's education exerts little effect on black fertility; however, it exerts a strong negative impact on white fertility. For couples without children, involuntary sterility and lack of contraception have a greater incidence among blacks. Income also plays a more important role in determining blacks not having children than black family size. Finally, black-white endowments account for close to one half of the differential; coefficient difference and an unexplained residual accounts for the remainder. This finding suggests that if blacks were to achieve economic parity with whites, only one half of the fertility differential would disappear.
	Bibliography Citation Gregory, Paul R. and R. William Thomas. "Fertility Behavior of Black and White Families: Some Evidence from the NLS." Fertility, Education, and Labor Force Project, Working Paper #2. Houston, TX: University of Houston, 1975.

6.	Gregory, Paul R. Thomas, R. William Moore, William J.
6.	Relationship Between Fertility and Labor Participation of Married Women, White and Black Women Final Report, Employment and Training Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, 1976 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Career Patterns; Children; Earnings; Fertility; Modeling, Probit; Socioeconomic Status (SES); Work Attitudes The report contains results of a study of the impact of fertility (number of children and child spacing) on the labor force participation, labor supply, and hourly earnings of married women 30-44 in l967. Literature surveys are included. The data source is the NLS of Mature Women. Regression models (OLS and Probit) of labor force participation, hours (weeks) worked, lifetime labor supply, and hourly earnings are estimated for white and black samples to determine the impacts of children, attitudinal and socioeconomic variables on labor supply and earnings. The sources of the black earnings differential are analyzed.
	Bibliography Citation Gregory, Paul R., R. William Thomas and William J. Moore. "Relationship Between Fertility and Labor Participation of Married Women, White and Black Women." Final Report, Employment and Training Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, 1976.

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