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Author: Windle, Michael T.

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1.	Miller-Tutzauer, Carol Leonard, Kenneth E. Windle, Michael T.
1.	Marriage and Alcohol Use: A Longitudinal Study of "Maturing Out" Journal of Studies on Alcohol 52,5 (September 1991): 434-440. Also: http://www.jsad.com/jsad/article/Marriage_and_Alcohol_Use_A_Longitudinal_Study_of_Maturing_Out/1737.html Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Marital Status; Marriage Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper investigated whether a change in marital status (specifically, from being single to being married) leads to an alteration of alcohol consumption patterns, using data derived from the NLSY. Four marital transition groups from a total of 10,594 subjects (aged 18-28 years) were constructed based on marital status across a 3-yr period: stably single, married year 3, married year 2, and stably married. In each of the 3 years, information was collected concerning the subjects' alcohol consumption in the 30 days prior to being interviewed. Repeated measures analyses of alcohol-use patterns across time as a function of marital-transition group indicated that the subjects began moderating their alcohol consumption prior to their actual transition to married status, with the trend continuing into the 1st year of marriage. [PsycINFO]
	Bibliography Citation Miller-Tutzauer, Carol, Kenneth E. Leonard and Michael T. Windle. "Marriage and Alcohol Use: A Longitudinal Study of "Maturing Out"." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 52,5 (September 1991): 434-440.

2.	Windle, Michael T.
2.	A Longitudinal Study of Antisocial Behaviors in Early Adolescence as Predictors of Late Adolescent Substance Use: Gender and Ethnic Group Differences Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99,1 (February 1990): 86-91. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021843X02010301 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA) Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Alcohol Use; Behavioral Problems; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Drug Use; Minorities Data from the National Longitudinal Youth Survey (NLSY) were analyzed to study interrelationships between antisocial behaviors in early adolescence (ages 14-15) and late adolescent alcohol and drug use 4 years later (when adolescents were 18-19). Correlations between classes of antisocial behaviors in early adolescence and substance use in late adolescence were of higher magnitude and more uniform for men than for women; for women, property offenses (e.g., vandalism) in early adolescence were more highly associated with alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, and illicit drug use in late adolescence than with either status offenses or transgressions against persons. Multiple regression analyses indicated that early-adolescent substance involvement was a significant predictor of late-adolescent alcohol and drug use. Additional significant predictors included early adolescent general delinquency, male gender, and non-Black ethnicity. (PsycLIT Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved)
	Bibliography Citation Windle, Michael T. "A Longitudinal Study of Antisocial Behaviors in Early Adolescence as Predictors of Late Adolescent Substance Use: Gender and Ethnic Group Differences." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99,1 (February 1990): 86-91.

3.	Windle, Michael T.
3.	Mate Similarity, Heavy Substance Use and Family History of Problem Drinking Among Young Adult Women Journal of Studies on Alcohol 58,6 (November 1997): 573-580. Also: http://www.jsad.com/jsad/article/Mate_Similarity_Heavy_Substance_Use_and_Family_History_of_Problem_Drinking/459.html Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Drug Use; Ethnic Differences; Ethnic Studies; Family History; Hispanics; Marriage; Modeling, Probit; Parental Influences; Racial Differences; Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. OBJECTIVE: This study used data from a national sample of young adult women to evaluate issues about spousal similarity for problem drinking. Paternal and maternal problem drinking were also evaluated in regard to daughters' marriage to a problem drinking spouse, and daughters' problem drinking and substance use. METHOD: Data from over 5,000 young adult women (ages 23-30 yrs) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) archive were used to evaluate associations between marrying a problem-drinking spouse, family history of problem drinking, and women's problem drinking and lifetime marijuana and cocaine use. RESULTS: Findings indicated that black women were less likely to marry a problem-drinking spouse than were Hispanic, Native American or white women. Problem-drinking women were twice as likely to have married a problem-drinking spouse than were non-drinking women, and heavier lifetime marijuana or cocaine use by women was also associated with an almost twofold increase in marrying a problem-drinking spouse. Random effects ordinal probit regression models indicated that, while controlling for major sociodemographic variables (e.g., race, poverty status), maternal, paternal and spousal problem drinking all significantly predicted problem drinking and heavier levels of substance use among the women. CONCLUSIONS: Nonrandom matching of problem drinking among marital partners was indicated in this study and women's problem drinking and substance use practices were predicted by paternal, maternal and spousal problem drinking. The similarity of problem-drinking spouses was not constant across racial/ethnic groups, as black women were less likely to marry a problem- drinking spouse, though racial differences in the age of onset of heavier drinking may have influenced this finding.
	Bibliography Citation Windle, Michael T. "Mate Similarity, Heavy Substance Use and Family History of Problem Drinking Among Young Adult Women." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 58,6 (November 1997): 573-580.

4.	Windle, Michael T.
4.	On The Discriminative Validity of a Family History of Problem Drinking Index With a National Sample of Young Adults Journal of Studies on Alcohol 57,4 (July 1996): 378-386. Also: http://www.jsad.com/jsad/article/On_the_Discriminative_Validity_of_a_Family_History_of_Problem_Drinking_Inde/335.html Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University Keyword(s): Addiction; Alcohol Use; Behavioral Problems; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Drug Use; Family History; Psychological Effects; Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Data on 9,000+ Ss ages 23-30 from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth archives were used to test hypotheses relevant to the discriminative validity of a trichotomous family history of problem drinking index utilizing early onset substance use, adolescent antisocial behavior, & lifetime alcohol & illicit drug use as criterion variables. Support for discriminate validity was indicated: the high density familial risk group differed from moderate & low risk groups showing an earlier onset of marijuana use, higher levels of adolescent antisocial behaviors, & higher levels of lifetime marijuana & cocaine use. High & moderate risk groups differed from the low risk group with regard to alcohol use & alcohol disordered problems; however, except for younger females, the high risk group did not differ significantly from the moderate risk group. Hypotheses regarding lower levels of verbal intelligence & academic attainment & higher school dropout rate among the high risk group were not supported. Results support the usefulness of a multigenerational approach & attest to the greater sensitivity of the trichotomous family history of problem drinking over standard dichotomous measures. 4 Tables, 39 References. Adapted from the source document.(Copyright 1997, Sociological Abstracts, Inc., all rights reserved.)
	Bibliography Citation Windle, Michael T. "On The Discriminative Validity of a Family History of Problem Drinking Index With a National Sample of Young Adults." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 57,4 (July 1996): 378-386.

5.	Windle, Michael T.
5.	Substance Use and Abuse Among Adolescent Runaways: A Four-Year Follow-up Study Journal of Youth and Adolescence 18,4 (August 1989): 331-344. Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/f078570076612817/ Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Plenum Publishing Corporation Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Dropouts; Gender Differences; Heterogeneity; Illegal Activities; Runaways; Substance Use Using data from the NLSY, runaway status in early adolescence (ages 14-15) was associated with subsequent (four-years later) substance abuse, alcohol problems, and school dropout status. Three runaway categories were formed-- never runaway, runaway once, and runaway two-or-more times. Overall, the repeat runaways reported engaging in higher levels of substance use and abuse than never and once runaways. However, some degree of gender specificity in the relationships for repeat runaways and substance abuse were found. Female repeat runaways were particularly susceptible to abusing illicit drugs (and not alcohol), whereas male repeat runaways manifested a more generalized susceptibility to abusing alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and other illicit drugs. Whereas substance use and abuse was linearly associated with runaway status, both the one-time and repeat runaways manifested equivalent proportions of school dropouts, and at levels far exceeding never runaways. Results are discussed with regard to the heterogeneous developmental pathways leading toward and away from adolescent runaways.
	Bibliography Citation Windle, Michael T. "Substance Use and Abuse Among Adolescent Runaways: A Four-Year Follow-up Study." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 18,4 (August 1989): 331-344.

6.	Windle, Michael T. Blane, Howard T.
6.	Cognitive Ability and Drinking Behavior in a National Sample of Young Adults Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 13,1 (January-February 1989): 43-48. Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1530-0277.1989.tb00282.x/abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Research Society on Alcoholism and the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Behavior; Gender Differences; I.Q. Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This research explored the relationship of verbal intelligence to alcohol-related problems using data from the NLSY. It was found that while lower verbal intelligence was associated with a lower risk of drinking, it was also associated, amongst those who drink, with a higher risk for alcohol-related problems.
	Bibliography Citation Windle, Michael T. and Howard T. Blane. "Cognitive Ability and Drinking Behavior in a National Sample of Young Adults." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 13,1 (January-February 1989): 43-48.

7.	Windle, Michael T. Miller, Carol T.
7.	Antecedents and Correlates of Alcohol, Cocaine, and Alcohol-Cocaine Abuse in Early Adulthood Journal of Drug Education 21,2 (1991): 133-148. Also: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1886049 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Baywood Publishing Co. Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Drug Use; Gender Differences; High School Dropouts; Illegal Activities; Labor Force Participation; Marital Instability; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. An abuse typology consisting of nonabusers, alcohol abusers (AAs), cocaine abusers (CAs), and joint alcohol and cocaine abusers (JACAs) was applied to data from the NLSY (N = 12,686, ages 19-26 in 1984) in order to examine prevalence, antecedents, and correlates of substance abuse. Results reveal that white males have a higher incidence of alcohol abuse, but that cocaine and joint alcohol and cocaine abuse cut across gender and ethnic lines. JACAs, followed by CAs, AAs, and nonabusers, showed the highest amount of prior 30-day and lifetime drug use and delinquent activity, and the highest rate of unemployment and marital instability. Further, JACAs had the lowest high school dropout rate but received the highest marks on tests of verbal intelligence. It is speculated that JACAs become underachievers as a result of substance abuse. [Sociological Abstracts, Inc.]
	Bibliography Citation Windle, Michael T. and Carol T. Miller. "Antecedents and Correlates of Alcohol, Cocaine, and Alcohol-Cocaine Abuse in Early Adulthood." Journal of Drug Education 21,2 (1991): 133-148.

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