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Author: Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E.

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1.	Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E.
1.	Husbands' and Wives' Relative Earnings: Exploring Variation by Race, Human Capital, Labor Supply, and Life Stage Journal of Family Issues 30,10 (October 2009): 1405-1432. Also: http://jfi.sagepub.com/content/30/10/1405.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Sage Publications Keyword(s): Gender Differences; Human Capital; Labor Supply; Marriage; Racial Differences; Wage Differentials; Wage Gap Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Whereas much research has explored the causes and consequences of the gender wage gap, far less has examined earnings differentials within marriage. This article contributes to this literature by utilizing the 2000 wave of the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine variation in husbands' and wives' relative income by race/ethnicity, human capital, labor supply, and life stage. The author finds that Black women's disproportionate concentration among high relative earning wives can be attributed more to their greater attachment to paid labor than to their husbands' labor supply. Nonetheless, Black women's odds of earning as much as or more than their husbands are greater than those of White women. In addition, unlike research on the motherhood wage gap more generally, the author finds that the impact of motherhood on women's earnings relative to their husbands can be largely explained by mothers' lower labor supply relative to their childless counterparts.
	Bibliography Citation Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E. "Husbands' and Wives' Relative Earnings: Exploring Variation by Race, Human Capital, Labor Supply, and Life Stage." Journal of Family Issues 30,10 (October 2009): 1405-1432.

2.	Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E.
2.	Husbands' and Wives' Relative Income: Persistence, Variation, and Outcomes Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, 2006. DAI-A 67/03, Sep 2006. Also: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1126791761&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3959&RQT=309&VName=PQD Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) Keyword(s): Ethnic Differences; Family Income; Family Studies; Gender Differences; Husbands; Income Distribution; Life Course; Marital Conflict; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Although we know much about the strides women have made in closing gender gaps in the public sphere, our knowledge of economic gender gaps within families remains limited. This dissertation expands this body of literature through analyses of panel data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The first section examines variation in couples' earnings patterns at a single point in time by race/ethnicity and overall economic position. The data indicate substantial variation by race and income quartile in couples' single-year earnings patterns, with Black wives more likely than their White counterparts to be either co-providers or primary earners and wives in low-income couples more likely than women in couples in the top income quartile to significantly out earn their husbands. The second section presents analyses of fluctuation in wives' income advantage over a period of consecutive years. While prior research has documented an increase in the population in the percentage of wives earning more than their husbands, analyses of panel data in this dissertation indicate that, where a female income advantage exists in couples, it is overwhelmingly temporary rather than persistent, with less than six percent of wives out earning their husbands for five consecutive years. Moreover, contrary to popular imagery, persistent income advantages are concentrated among Black wives and those at the bottom of the income distribution. A final empirical section examines the relationship between the persistence of wives' income advantage and marital conflict, providing evidence that fluctuation in who holds the income advantage over a period of years---not a persistent advantage on the part of wives---is associated with higher levels of marital conflict in couples. This project aims to rigorously examine taken-for-granted public assumptions about women's progress in closing economic gender gaps. With its focus on dynamic, longitudinal analyses and attention to variation by key demographic, economic and, life course factors, this research fills important gaps in our knowledge of the economics of the family.
	Bibliography Citation Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E. Husbands' and Wives' Relative Income: Persistence, Variation, and Outcomes. Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, 2006. DAI-A 67/03, Sep 2006..

3.	Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E.
3.	The Persistence of Wives' Income Advantage Journal of Marriage and Family 68,4 (November 2006): 824-842. Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2006.00298.x/abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: National Council on Family Relations Keyword(s): Demography; Earnings, Wives; Gender Differences; Human Capital; Marriage; Wives, Income Recent reports using cross-sectional data indicate an increase in the percentage of wives who outearn their husbands, yet we know little about the persistence of wives' income advantage. The present analyses utilize the 1990 – 1994 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (N = 3,481) to examine wives' long-term earnings advantage. Although a significant minority of women outearn their husbands in 1 year, considerably fewer do so for 5 consecutive years. The presence and persistence of wives' income advantage vary by demographic characteristics, economic and human capital measures, and over the individual and marital life course. The findings suggest caution in interpreting women's relative economic gains as signaling absolute progress toward eliminating gender inequality within marriages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Bibliography Citation Winslow-Bowe, Sarah E. "The Persistence of Wives' Income Advantage." Journal of Marriage and Family 68,4 (November 2006): 824-842.

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