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Author: Woodley, Michael A.
Resulting in 5 citations.
1. Woodley, Michael A.
Fernandes, Heitor B.F.
Kanazawa, Satoshi
Dutton, Edward
Sinistrality Is Associated with (slightly) lower General Intelligence: A Data Synthesis and Consideration of Secular Trend Data in Handedness
HOMO: Journal of Comparative Human Biology 69,3 (May 2018): 118-126.
Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0018442X18300246
Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY97
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Cross-national Analysis; Handedness; I.Q.; Intelligence; NCDS - National Child Development Study (British)

The relationship between the general factor of intelligence (g) and handedness is investigated using a combined sample of 23511 respondents from three large databases: the NLSY'79 (US), NLSY'97 (US) and NCDS (UK). Dextrals -- those who use their right hands -- were found to be 1.22 IQ points higher than sinistrals (left handers) after controling for sex and age and correcting for sources of measurement error.
Bibliography Citation
Woodley, Michael A., Heitor B.F. Fernandes, Satoshi Kanazawa and Edward Dutton. "Sinistrality Is Associated with (slightly) lower General Intelligence: A Data Synthesis and Consideration of Secular Trend Data in Handedness." HOMO: Journal of Comparative Human Biology 69,3 (May 2018): 118-126.
2. Woodley, Michael A.
Figueredo, Aurelio José
Brown, Sacha D.
Ross, Kari C.
Four Successful Tests of the Cognitive Differentiation-Integration Effort hypothesis
Intelligence 41,6 (November-December 2013): 832-842.
Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016028961300007X
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Cognitive Ability; Intelligence

Highlights: CD-IE predicts ability differentiation by life history speed (level of K). CD-IE, unlike SLODR should be independent of level of g. CPEM is used in investigating four datasets for the effect. The effect is detected in student, population and ethnic differences data. CD-IE shares substantive phenomenology with the Lynn-Flynn effect.
Bibliography Citation
Woodley, Michael A., Aurelio José Figueredo, Sacha D. Brown and Kari C. Ross. "Four Successful Tests of the Cognitive Differentiation-Integration Effort hypothesis." Intelligence 41,6 (November-December 2013): 832-842.
3. Woodley, Michael A.
Meisenberg, Gerhard
A Jensen Effect on Dysgenic Fertility: An Analysis Involving the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Personality and Individual Differences 55,3 (July 2013): 279-282.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886912002607
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); Fertility; Gender Differences; Genetics; I.Q.; Intelligence; Statistical Analysis

In this study we attempt to determine whether dysgenic fertility is associated with the Jensen effect. This is investigated with respect to a US population representative sample of 8110 individuals from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for whom there exists complete data on IQ and fertility. In addition to the general sample, the sample was also broken out by race and sex so as to examine whether or not the Jensen effect manifested amongst different sub-populations. The method of correlated vectors revealed significant Jensen effects in five of the seven samples, and in all cases the effect was in a direction indicating that subtests with higher g-loadings were associated with larger dysgenic fertility gradients. The magnitude of the difference between Spearman’s ρ and Pearson’s r was non-significant in all cases, suggesting that biasing factors were minimally influencing the result. This finding suggests that dysgenesis occurs on the ‘genetic g’ at the heart of the Jensen effect nexus, unlike the Flynn effect, which is ‘hollow’ with respect to g. Finally, the finding is discussed in the context of two converging lines of evidence indicating that genotypic IQ or ‘genetic g’ really has been declining over the last century.
Bibliography Citation
Woodley, Michael A. and Gerhard Meisenberg. "A Jensen Effect on Dysgenic Fertility: An Analysis Involving the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth." Personality and Individual Differences 55,3 (July 2013): 279-282.
4. Woodley, Michael A.
Reeve, Charlie L.
Kanazawa, Satoshi
Meisenberg, Gerhard
Fernandes, Heitor B.F.
Cabeza de Baca, Tomas
Contemporary Phenotypic Selection on Intelligence is (mostly) Directional: An Analysis of Three, Population Representative Samples
Intelligence 59 (November-December 2016): 109-114.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289616300915
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); Britain, British; Fertility; Gender Differences; I.Q.; Project Talent; Racial Differences

Three large and nationally representative datasets (NCDS, N = 5225, NLSY79, N = 7598 and Project Talent, N = 76,150) are here examined in order to determine if models incorporating negative quadratic effects of IQ on fertility (which would indicate the presence of stabilizing phenotypic selection) improve model fit, relative to ones that only consider linear effects (which indicate directional phenotypic selection). Also considered were possible interactions among these terms and sex and race. For two datasets (NCDS and NLSY79) the best fitting models did not include quadratic terms, however significant sex*IQ and race*IQ interactions were found respectively. Only in Project Talent did the inclusion of a quadratic effect (along with IQ*sex and IQ2* sex interactions) yield the best-fitting model. In this instance a small magnitude, significant negative quadratic term was found in addition to a larger magnitude linear term. Post hoc power analysis revealed that power was lacking in the two smaller samples (NCDS and NLSY′79) to detect the quadratic term, however the best fitting and most parsimonious models selected for these datasets did not include the quadratic term. The quadratic terms were furthermore several times smaller in magnitude than the linear terms in all models incorporating both terms. This indicates that stabilizing phenotypic selection is likely only very weakly present in these datasets. The dominance of linear effects across samples therefore suggests that phenotypic selection on IQ in these datasets is principally directional, although the magnitude of selection is relatively small, with IQ explaining at most 1% of the variance in fertility.
Bibliography Citation
Woodley, Michael A., Charlie L. Reeve, Satoshi Kanazawa, Gerhard Meisenberg, Heitor B.F. Fernandes and Tomas Cabeza de Baca. "Contemporary Phenotypic Selection on Intelligence is (mostly) Directional: An Analysis of Three, Population Representative Samples." Intelligence 59 (November-December 2016): 109-114.
5. Woodley, Michael A.
Sanger, Justus
Meisenberg, Gerhard
No Relationship between Abortion Numbers and Maternal Cognitive Ability
Personality and Individual Differences 104 (January 2017): 489-492.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886916309631
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Abortion; Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); Cognitive Ability; Educational Attainment; National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)

The relationship between maternal cognitive ability (as indicated by g and highest attained educational level) and self-reported numbers of abortions at near-completed fertility is investigated in two, population representative samples of the US: (i) a sample of 1386 women, sourced from NLSY79 (aged 39-47), and (ii) a sample of 842 women (aged 38-45), sourced from NSFG'11-13. No linear relationships between either of the cognitive ability measures and abortion numbers were found, nor were quadratic effects present in these data. Income had an independent negative effect on abortion numbers in the NSFG'11-13 sample, whereas age was a positive independent predictor in the NLSY79 sample. The essentially zero-magnitude association between maternal cognitive ability and abortion numbers may have resulted from the wide scale destigmatization of elective abortion as a birth-control technique in the US following the 1973 US Supreme Court ruling in Roe v. Wade. Despite this, self-reported abortion numbers data typically underrepresent the true numbers of abortions hence these findings must be considered tentative especially if underreporting is unsystematic with respect to any of the predictors.
Bibliography Citation
Woodley, Michael A., Justus Sanger and Gerhard Meisenberg. "No Relationship between Abortion Numbers and Maternal Cognitive Ability." Personality and Individual Differences 104 (January 2017): 489-492.