Search Results

View Selected Citations Select and View All Search Citations

Source: ERIC

Resulting in 6 citations.

1.	Cohn, Elchanan
1.	Foregone Earnings of College Students: A Microanalytical Approach Working Papers in Economics, University of South Carolina, 1983. Also: http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED230158&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED230158 Cohort(s): Young Men, Young Women Publisher: ERIC Keyword(s): College Enrollment; Earnings; Educational Costs; Wages Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. ERIC document: ED230158 Data from the 1970 wave of the NLS of Young Men and Young Women are employed to estimate the foregone earnings of college students. The basic methodology involves the estimation of earnings functions from male and female youths who are not enrolled in school, and the potential earnings of enrollees is derived by substituting the characteristics of enrollees into the earnings functions of the nonstudents. Actual earnings are subtracted from potential earnings to derive estimates of foregone earnings. The estimation procedure provides a range of estimates by employing alternative earnings functions and assumptions concerning potential hours per year. Self-selection bias, part-time vs. full-time enrollment, and levels of enrollment are also considered. Our results are then compared to other studies, and a projection of earnings foregone is made for 1975 and 1980.
	Bibliography Citation Cohn, Elchanan. "Foregone Earnings of College Students: A Microanalytical Approach." Working Papers in Economics, University of South Carolina, 1983.

2.	Fallick, Bruce C. Currie, Janet
2.	The Minimum Wage and the Employment of Teenagers. Recent Research ERIC Document No. ED397242, Clearinghouse No. CE072037, June 1993. Also: http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/jhr/1996ab/currie2.html Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ERIC Keyword(s): Employment, In-School; Employment, Youth; High School; Higher Education; Minimum Wage; Unemployment; Vocational Education Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. A study used individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth to examine the effects of changes in the federal minimum wage on teenage employment. Individuals in the sample were classified as either likely or unlikely to be affected by these increases in the federal minimum wage on the basis of their wage rates and industry of employment. An estimation, concentrated on teenagers, showed that workers whose wages were between the old and new minimum wage and whose wages were raised by the increase in the minimum were 3-4 percent more likely to lose their jobs in the following year than individuals not directly affected. Even after controlling for the differences among teenage workers, the study concluded that the simple fact of working at a wage below the new minimum raised the probability of unemployment. (YLB)
	Bibliography Citation Fallick, Bruce C. and Janet Currie. "The Minimum Wage and the Employment of Teenagers. Recent Research." ERIC Document No. ED397242, Clearinghouse No. CE072037, June 1993.

3.	Just, David Allen Wircenski, Jerry L
3.	The Relationship between Female Delinquent Behavior and Work Values, Occupational Aspirations and Labor Market Experience Final Report, Vocational-Technical Education Research Report 22,2 June 1984. Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ERIC Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Education, Secondary; Labor Force Participation; Occupational Aspirations; School Suspension/Expulsion; Vocational Education; Work Attitudes Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. A study of female delinquent behavior used as data responses from approximately 4,000 15- to 17-year old civilian noninstitutionized youth who participated in the 1980 New Youth Survey of the National Longitudinal Surveys of Labor Market Experience. Three criterion variables were used: work values, occupational aspirations, and labor force status. Variates included delinquency, gender, ethnic origin, age, suspension from school, and current residence. Three methods of data analysis were applied: (1) logistic regression to analyze work values, employment status, and expected ability to achieve aspiration; (2) least squares regression to determine the relationship between the variates and the criterion variable "occupational aspirations"; and (3) cross-tabulation to illustrate the relationship between the delinquency index and employment status. Females exhibited higher occupational aspirations but experienced consistently lower rates of employment than males. Females suspended from school had significantly lower rates of employment and less confidence in achieving occupational aspiration. Delinquency suggested either no relationship with the criterion variables or a rather unusual inverse relationship. Current residence was not related to occupational aspirations or work values. Age was not related to occupational aspirations or expected ability to achieve aspiration. (Two tables are appended: a summary of variables and Duncan Socioeconomic Conversion.) (YLB)
	Bibliography Citation Just, David Allen and Jerry L Wircenski. "The Relationship between Female Delinquent Behavior and Work Values, Occupational Aspirations and Labor Market Experience." Final Report, Vocational-Technical Education Research Report 22,2 June 1984.

4.	Maloney, Timothy
4.	Estimating the Returns to a Secondary Education for Female Dropouts ERIC Document No. ED397169; Clearinghouse No. UD031047; February 1991 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ERIC Keyword(s): Dropouts; Education, Secondary; Educational Attainment; GED/General Educational Diploma/General Equivalency Degree/General Educational Development; Gender Differences; High School; High School Diploma; Human Capital; Sample Selection; Selectivity Bias/Selection Bias; Wage Rates Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth are used to estimate empirically the impact on the earnings capacities of young female dropouts if they were to return to complete either a regular high school education or a General Educational Development (GED) degree. To reduce the potential upward bias on these estimated rates of return, dropouts are allowed to have lower levels of innate ability and lower rates of human capital accumulation in school. After controlling for the sample selection bias associated with the observation of wage rates among only employed women, the rates of return for the average dropout are estimated to be 10.2% for a high school diploma and 6.2% for a GED degree. After allowing for self-selection in the decision of whether or not to complete a secondary education, these estimated rates of return actually rise slightly to 10.9% and 6.5% respectively. Because of differences in other productivity characteristics, this education would only eliminate up to one-third of the substantial gap that already exists between the earnings capacities of dropouts and secondary school completers. (Contains 8 tables and 16 references.) (Author/SLD)
	Bibliography Citation Maloney, Timothy. "Estimating the Returns to a Secondary Education for Female Dropouts." ERIC Document No. ED397169; Clearinghouse No. UD031047; February 1991.

5.	Neumark, David B.
5.	Effects of Minimum Wages on Teenage Employment, Enrollment, and Idleness ERIC Document No. ED397241; Clearinghouse No. CE072034; August 1995 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ERIC Keyword(s): Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Employment, In-School; Employment, Youth; High School; Higher Education; Minimum Wage; Teenagers; Unemployment; Vocational Education; Wages, Youth Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. A study described the effects of minimum wages on teenagers by using individual-level panel data on school and work transitions of teenagers. Panel data from 1979-92 measuring transitions among alternative employment and enrollment activities of teenagers were obtained from matched Current Population Surveys data sets. Findings indicated that higher minimum wages had significant negative effects on the employment prospects of less skilled teens. In addition, increases in the minimum wage were associated with an earlier age for leaving school. These employment changes were not evenly distributed across all youth, but were concentrated among those youths with the worst employment prospects. Younger idle youths (ages 16-17) had an almost 6 percentage point increase in their changes of continued idleness compared to older idle youths (ages 18-19). The effect of higher minimum wages was even stronger for minority youths. If they were idle before the minimum wage was raise d, they w ould have a higher probability of continuing to be idle. The relationship between a teen worker's wage and the new minimum markedly affected the employment outcome. Teens employed with wages below the new minimum showed a higher probability of becoming unemployed. (Appendixes include previous research on substitution hypothesis, the data set, the econometric framework and estimation, additional evidence on queuing, information on the robustness of the results, and a list of 32 references.) (YLB)
	Bibliography Citation Neumark, David B. "Effects of Minimum Wages on Teenage Employment, Enrollment, and Idleness." ERIC Document No. ED397241; Clearinghouse No. CE072034; August 1995.

6.	Wenk, Deeann L. Hardesty, Constance L.
6.	Family and Household Effects on the Educational Attainment of Young Adults Technical Report, ERIC Document 334054. Previous version presented: Washington DC, Population Association of America Meetings, March 1991). Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ERIC Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Family Influences; Family Structure; Poverty; Residence; Socioeconomic Status (SES) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This study examines the impact of family structure, poverty level, and region of residence on educational attainment. The study uses data collected by the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, with a probability sample of 3,854 men and women aged 14 to 18 in 1979. Logistic regression was used to allow for the analysis of dichotomous dependent variables (high school completion versus incompletion and attendance of at least one year of college versus not attending college). Parent's socioeconomic status is measured by the mother's and father's education and occupation. Household structure is categorized as two parent household, one parent household, or an alternative household form. Residential status is measured in terms of rural/urban and southern/non-southern. Significant findings are: (1) living in a single parent or two-parent household (in contrast to alternative form of household) increases the odds of completing high school and living in a two-parent household increases the odds of attending college; (2) education of both parents is a powerful predictor of college attendance; (3) living in poverty significantly decreases the odds of both high school completion and college attendance; and (4) the negative effect of living in the rural south disappears when the effects of family background are controlled.
	Bibliography Citation Wenk, Deeann L. and Constance L. Hardesty. "Family and Household Effects on the Educational Attainment of Young Adults." Technical Report, ERIC Document 334054. Previous version presented: Washington DC, Population Association of America Meetings, March 1991).

Admin