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Source: University of Dayton
Resulting in 3 citations.
| 1. |
Anderson, Kirsten Lee |
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Child Temperament as a Moderator for the Outcomes of Corporal Punishment Master's Thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, 2019 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: University of Dayton Keyword(s): Delinquency/Gang Activity; Depression (see also CESD); Modeling, Structural Equation; Parent-Child Interaction; Punishment, Corporal; Temperament Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The use of corporal punishment (CP) as a disciplinary strategy is a highly controversial topic among the scientific community and general public alike. Although there is extensive research suggesting that CP is ineffective and potentially harmful, many individuals are hesitant to make definitive claims about the outcomes of CP, citing limitations in past methodology. Notably, past studies have not examined the outcomes of CP within the context of individual differences among children. The purpose of this study was to understand if temperament, that is, early appearing, stable individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation (Rothbart & Bates, 1998) moderates the outcomes of CP. This study utilized data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Child and Young Adult cohort (CNLSY) to examine: (1) if children who receive CP exhibit higher levels of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, depressive symptoms, delinquent behavior compared to children who do not receive CP; (2) if, among children who receive CP, those with moderate temperaments exhibit lower levels of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, depressive symptoms, and delinquent behavior compared to biological siblings with difficult temperaments; and (3) if children with difficult temperaments will differentially benefit from high levels of maternal responsiveness. Using structural equation modeling, we found that children who received higher levels of CP were significantly more likely to exhibit externalizing behavior problems compared to biological siblings who received CP less frequently. In addition, when mothers reported higher scores of maternal responsiveness, their children were significantly less likely to develop depressive symptoms in adolescence compared to biological siblings who experienced lower levels of maternal responsiveness. However, children with difficult temperaments were no more likely to be susceptible to the negative outcomes of CP or to benefit from higher levels of maternal responsiveness compared to children with more moderate temperaments. Implications for how these results inform the current body of literature regarding CP as well as limitations of this study are discussed. |
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Bibliography Citation
Anderson, Kirsten Lee. Child Temperament as a Moderator for the Outcomes of Corporal Punishment. Master's Thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, 2019. |
| 2. |
Gibson, Courtney A. |
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Pathways From ADHD to Delinquency: The Role of Interpersonal Relationships and Self-Perception M.A. Thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, 2023. Also: https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_olink/r/1501/10 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: University of Dayton Keyword(s): Attention/Attention Deficit; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Peers/Peer influence/Peer relations; Self-Perception Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and later externalizing behavior has yet to be fully understood within the context of interpersonal relationships and self-perception. This study examined whether parent-child relationship quality, deviant peer influence, and poor self-perception that follow from childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Problems (ADHP) explain why children with ADHP are at elevated risk for delinquency in adolescence. The study formally and comprehensively tested these pathways and addressed methodological limitations of past studies on this topic. I analyzed data from the offspring of a nationally representative sample, the Children of the National Survey of Youth (CNLSY), at three time points using maternal and child reports. Data were analyzed using multilevel path analysis to allow for sibling comparison and between-family tests. Parent-child relationship quality, deviant peer influence, and self-perception were examined as possible mediators of the link from childhood ADHP to adolescent delinquency. Results of this analysis failed to indicate that parent-child relationship quality, deviant peer influence, or self-perception mediate the relationship between ADHP and delinquency at the between or within level. However, delinquent peer influence was found to be predictive of later delinquency both when siblings were compared (within-family) and when children from different families (between-family) were compared. In addition, low levels of self-perception were predicted by earlier ADHP at the between-family level, and low self-perception predicted later delinquency at the within-family level. Although these findings did not support the hypothesized pathways from ADHP to delinquency via deviant peer influence, self-perception, and parent-child relationship quality, they suggest that self-perception and peer delinquency are risk factors for adolescent delinquency even when confounding due to family background is addressed. These findings suggest that risk for delinquency may be reduced by interventions that reduce exposure to deviant peers and/or improve self-perception. |
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Bibliography Citation
Gibson, Courtney A. Pathways From ADHD to Delinquency: The Role of Interpersonal Relationships and Self-Perception. M.A. Thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, 2023.. |
| 3. |
Khalifeh, Lara |
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Disentangling the Links from Parental Monitoring and Delinquent Peer Exposure to Youth Delinquency: A Longitudinal, Sibling Comparison Analysis Master's Thesis, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dayton, 2021. Also: https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_olink/r/1501/10?p10_etd_subid=190167&clear=10 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: University of Dayton Keyword(s): Behavior, Antisocial; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Parent Supervision/Monitoring Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Research suggests that parents and peers play an integral role in the development and prevention of antisocial behaviors (AB) like conduct problems and delinquency in youth. However, the magnitude and mechanisms of these influences have been a debated topic in the field. Consequently, it is crucial to understand how these two factors work together to influence the development of antisocial behavior. Using data from the mothers of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and their offspring, a longitudinal, sibling comparison design was used to examine if: (1) parental monitoring moderates the relationship between the child's early delinquency and subsequent deviant peer exposure (DPE), such that the influence of early delinquency on DPE will be smaller at high levels of parental monitoring and vice versa, (2) parental monitoring has an indirect effect against delinquency via its intermediate effects (mediation) against DPE, (3) baseline delinquency has an indirect effect on later, youth delinquency, vial its intermediate effects (mediation) on DPE, and (4) parental monitoring moderates the influence of DPE on later youth delinquency such that the influence of DPE will be smaller at high levels of parental monitoring, and will be larger at low levels of monitoring. Population analyses indicated that delinquency predicted increased DPE, and DPE mediated the association between early and later delinquency. In addition, DPE and parental monitoring significantly predicted later delinquency. Sibling comparison analysis revealed a significant interaction between parental monitoring and delinquency in predicting DPE, such that the association between early delinquency and later DPE was attenuated at high levels of parental monitoring. In addition, DPE significantly mediated the association between early and later delinquency in the sibling comparison analyses. The present findings provide support for an environmentally mediated effect of DPE and suggest that parental monitoring may act to suppress the link from earlier delinquency to later DPE. |
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Bibliography Citation
Khalifeh, Lara. Disentangling the Links from Parental Monitoring and Delinquent Peer Exposure to Youth Delinquency: A Longitudinal, Sibling Comparison Analysis. Master's Thesis, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dayton, 2021.. |