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Source: Western Social Science Association

Resulting in 2 citations.

1.	Larson, Donald Toney, Michael B.
1.	Direction of White/Nonwhite Migration and Occupational Mobility Presented: San Diego, CA, Meetings of the Western Social Science Association, April 1984 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: Western Social Science Association Keyword(s): Discrimination; Discrimination, Racial/Ethnic; Migration; Mobility; Mobility, Occupational; Racial Differences; Rural/Urban Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. To explore the relationship between migration (measured in terms of metropolitan/nonmetropolitan origin and destination) and occupational mobility of young white and nonwhite U.S. labor force participants, data from the 1966-1976 NLS Young Men cohort were examined. The analytical procedure used treats each yearly interval as a separate unit of analysis for each individual, meaning that each respondent could contribute six distinct yearly units, called "person-years." The procedure identifies a unit of time for measuring whether an event occurs, while allowing the accumulation of information from previous units or times for analysis in relationship to the outcomes in the respective person-years. Analyses, both descriptive and multivariate, were done separately for whites and nonwhites and tended to support the notion that, for nonwhites especially, migration facilitates occupational mobility by circumventing structural discrimination at migration origin. Of the control variables (education, migration reversal years, age, and initial occupation), the mobility potential of the initial occupational status seemed to be a telling factor in the relationship for both whites and nonwhites.
	Bibliography Citation Larson, Donald and Michael B. Toney. "Direction of White/Nonwhite Migration and Occupational Mobility." Presented: San Diego, CA, Meetings of the Western Social Science Association, April 1984.

2.	Toney, Michael B. Berry, Eddy Helen Cromartie, John B.
2.	Primary and Repeat Migration: Comparisons of Hispanics, Black and non-Hispanic White Migration in the United States Presented: Salt Lake City, UT, Western Social Science Association Annual Meeting, April 2004. Also: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/ir-main&CISOPTR=1009 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Western Social Science Association Keyword(s): Behavioral Differences; Demography; Ethnic Differences; Migration Patterns; Racial Differences; Residence; Socioeconomic Background; Socioeconomic Factors Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Repetitive behavior is widespread in human life. This applies in areas of behaviors that are typically infrequent as well as normative daily routines. Yet, some individual never engage in some behaviors and individuals who initiate particular behaviors differ in the extent to which the behavior is repeated. In demography, one of the areas in which this general principle applies is between prior migration and subsequent migration with prior migrants being much more likely to migrate again than individual who have never migrated are to make a first migration. A major classification that emerged from this research was between primary migration and repeat migration with length of residence as a key consideration for prior migrants. Although a rich body of research emerged on this relationship (Goldstein 1954; DaVanzo and Morrison 1981) little recent research has built on this important area of migration research. Also, while there is an extensive body of research on Hispanic immigrants in the United States there is little research that compares the internal migration of Hispanics with non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks. A common note in the early research on primary and repeat migration was the need to examine the extent to which the relationship held across socioeconomic groups and settings. The main purpose of this research is to examine the extent to which Hispanic, Black and White primary and repeat migration rates differ once other migration related variables are controlled. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth that began in 1979 are used in the analysis. During the study period the respondents transit the ages during which families and careers are typically launched and when migration rates are high.
	Bibliography Citation Toney, Michael B., Eddy Helen Berry and John B. Cromartie. "Primary and Repeat Migration: Comparisons of Hispanics, Black and non-Hispanic White Migration in the United States." Presented: Salt Lake City, UT, Western Social Science Association Annual Meeting, April 2004.

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