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Title: The Effect of Delayed Childbearing on the Motherhood Wage Penalty

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1.	Murphy, Audrey Lin
1.	The Effect of Delayed Childbearing on the Motherhood Wage Penalty Ph.D. Dissertation, The Florida State University, 2011 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) Keyword(s): Age at First Birth; Childbearing; Fertility; First Birth; Maternal Employment; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Modeling, Instrumental Variables; Mothers, Income; Racial Differences; Wage Gap; Wage Penalty/Career Penalty; Wages, Women Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The purpose of my dissertation is to study the impact of delayed childbearing on the motherhood wage penalty. Independently, both delayed childbearing and the motherhood wage penalty have been well documented in academic studies. However there has been a lack of research on these two topics together. Therefore this study will look to see if delaying the birth of a first child leads to a woman receiving a lower wage penalty. I will look for differences in the effect of delaying childbearing in different race groups, compare the effect of a second child, and the spacing of the first and second child. This study will use the NLSY 79, to study the effect of delayed childbearing on the motherhood wage penalty. This will allow for the study to include both a panel data approach and a cross sectional approach. There will be five general models used. The first two, OLS and fixed effects model, have been used in the majority of the wage penalty papers. The third model type, a selection model, has recently begun to be used more in wage penalty papers. This model will allow for the inclusion of women who are currently not employed into the model instead of dropping them from the sample. The fourth model, an instrumental variable model, instruments for age at first birth with naturally occurring birthing shocks. The last model, the double selection model, takes into account the selection into motherhood and employment simultaneously.
	Bibliography Citation Murphy, Audrey Lin. The Effect of Delayed Childbearing on the Motherhood Wage Penalty. Ph.D. Dissertation, The Florida State University, 2011.

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