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Author: Bedard, Kelly

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1.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly
1.	Against All Odds: The Surprising Labor Market Success of Young Mexican Women CLIN Working Paper wp26, Canadian International Labor Network, October 1998. Also: http://labour.ciln.mcmaster.ca/papers/cilnwp26.pdf Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Canadian International Labor Network (CILN) Keyword(s): Childbearing; Discrimination; Fertility; Wages; Women Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Using the NLSY, we find that young Mexican women earn 11.7% less than young White women while young Black women earn 19.2% less than young White women. Although young Mexican women earn less than young White women, they do surprisingly well compared to young Black women. We show that while it is crucially important to account for actual labor market experience, it does not matter if we account for childbirth patterns, and non-linearities in the experience profile. We further show that low labor force attachment is the most important determinant of the Black-White wage differential for young women while education is the most important explanation for the Mexican-White wage gap for young women.
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather and Kelly Bedard. "Against All Odds: The Surprising Labor Market Success of Young Mexican Women." CLIN Working Paper wp26, Canadian International Labor Network, October 1998.

2.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly
2.	Does Single Parenthood Increase the Probability of Teenage Promiscuity, Substance Use, and Crime? Journal of Population Economics 20,1 (January 2007): 55-71. Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/kg37270100173166/ Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Behavior, Antisocial; Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Deviance; Drug Use; Family Structure; Fathers, Influence; Marital Dissolution; Parents, Single; Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. There is longstanding evidence that youths raised by single parents are more likely to perform poorly in school and partake in "deviant" behaviors such as smoking, sex, substance use, and crime. However, there is not widespread agreement as to whether the timing of the marital disruption differentially impacts youth outcomes. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and its Young Adult Supplement, we find that an additional 5 years with the biological father decreases the probability of smoking, drinking, engaging in sexual activity, marijuana use, and conviction by approximately 5.3, 1.2, 3.4, 2.2 and 0.3 percentage points, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Population Economics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts)
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather and Kelly Bedard. "Does Single Parenthood Increase the Probability of Teenage Promiscuity, Substance Use, and Crime?" Journal of Population Economics 20,1 (January 2007): 55-71.

3.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly
3.	Teenage Delinquency: The Role of Child Support Payments and Father's Visitation Working Paper, Department of Economics, University of California-Santa Barbara, October 2002. Also: http://www.econ.ucsb.edu/~kelly/childsupport.pdf Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Department of Economics, University of California, Santa Barbara Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Alcohol Use; Behavior; Behavior, Antisocial; Child Self-Administered Supplement (CSAS); Child Support; Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Deviance; Drug Use; Family Structure; Fathers, Influence; Marital Status; Parents, Single; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. There is longstanding evidence that children raised by single parents are more likely to become sexually active, commit illegal acts and smoke at young ages. A number of past studies have also shown that youth outcomes are better among children whose mothers receive support payments from the non-custodial father. What has not been determined is whether the better youth outcomes are the result of higher maternal income or more visitation/involvement by the non-custodial father. If non-custodial father's who pay child support are also more likely to be involved in their children's lives, then what may look like an income effect may actually be, at least partially, a 'father effect'. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and the NLSY Child Supplement, we find that youth with absent fathers are more likely to partake in deviant activities. Somewhat surprisingly, we find very little evidence that child support receipt and father visitation effects youth behavior. The one exception is that youth who receive child support but rarely see their father are more likely than youth from other family structures to have sex and commit crimes at young ages.
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather and Kelly Bedard. "Teenage Delinquency: The Role of Child Support Payments and Father's Visitation." Working Paper, Department of Economics, University of California-Santa Barbara, October 2002.

4.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly
4.	Teenage Delinquency: The Role of Child Support Payments and Father's Visitation In: The Law And Economics of Child Support Payments. William S. Comanor, ed. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2004: pp. 241-268 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc. Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Sexual Activity; Alcohol Use; Behavior, Antisocial; Child Self-Administered Supplement (CSAS); Child Support; Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Deviance; Drug Use; Family Structure; Fathers, Biological; Fathers, Influence; Fathers, Presence; Marital Status; Parents, Single; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. There is longstanding evidence that children raised by single parents are more likely to become sexually active, commit illegal acts and smoke at young ages. A number of past studies have also shown that youth outcomes are better among children whose mothers receive support payments from the non-custodial father. What has not been determined is whether the better youth outcomes are the result of higher maternal income or more visitation/involvement by the non-custodial father. If non-custodial father's who pay child support are also more likely to be involved in their children's lives, then what may look like an income effect may actually be, at least partially, a 'father effect'. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and the NLSY Child Supplement, we find that youth with absent fathers are more likely to partake in deviant activities. Somewhat surprisingly, we find very little evidence that child support receipt and father visitation effects youth behavior. The one exception is that youth who receive child support but rarely see their father are more likely than youth from other family structures to have sex and commit crimes at young ages.
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather and Kelly Bedard. "Teenage Delinquency: The Role of Child Support Payments and Father's Visitation" In: The Law And Economics of Child Support Payments. William S. Comanor, ed. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2004: pp. 241-268

5.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly
5.	The Racial Wage Gap: The Importance of Labor Force Attachment Differences across Black, Mexican and White Men Journal of Human Resources 39,2 (Spring 2004): 564-583. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3559027 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press Keyword(s): Black Studies; Ethnic Differences; Hispanic Studies; Hispanics; Labor Force Participation; Minorities; Minority Groups; Racial Differences Labor market attachment differs significantly across young black, Mexican, and white men. Although it has long been agreed that potential experience is a poor proxy for actual experience for women, many view it as an acceptable approximation for men. Using the NLSY, this paper documents the substantial difference between potential and actual experience for both black and Mexican men. We show that the fraction of the black/white and Mexican/white wage gaps that are explained by differences in potential experience are quite different from the fraction of the racial wage gaps that are explained by actual (real) experience differences.
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather and Kelly Bedard. "The Racial Wage Gap: The Importance of Labor Force Attachment Differences across Black, Mexican and White Men." Journal of Human Resources 39,2 (Spring 2004): 564-583.

6.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly
6.	The Relative Earnings of Young Mexican, Black, and White Women Industrial and Labor Relations Review 56,1 (October 2002): 122-136. Also: www.jstor.org/stable/3270652 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Ethnic Differences; Labor Force Participation; Racial Differences; Wage Gap This analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth indicates that young Mexican women and young black women earned, respectively, 9.5% and 13.2% less than young white women in 1994. Differences in education appear to be the most important explanation for the Mexican-white wage gap, whereas differences in labor force attachment are the most important determinant of the black-white wage gap. The authors show that accounting for actual labor market experience, rather than simply imputing experience based on years since leaving school, is crucially important in such analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather and Kelly Bedard. "The Relative Earnings of Young Mexican, Black, and White Women." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 56,1 (October 2002): 122-136.

7.	Antecol, Heather Bedard, Kelly Helland, Eric
7.	Does Single Parenthood Increase the Probability of Teenage Promiscuity, Drug Use, and Crime? Evidence from Divorce Law Changes Working Paper, Claremont Colleges Working Papers in Economics, November 2002. Also: http://econ.claremontmckenna.edu/papers/2002-23.pdf Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Claremont Colleges Working Paper in Economics Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Alcohol Use; Crime; Deviance; Drug Use; Family Structure; Fathers, Biological; Marital Dissolution; Sexual Activity; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. There is longstanding evidence that children raised by single parents are more likely to perform poorly in school and partake in 'deviant' behaviors such as smoking, sex, substance use and crime at young ages. However, as of yet there is not widespread evidence or agreement as to whether or not the timing of the marital disruption differentially impacts youth outcomes. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and the NLSY Young Adult Supplement, we find that the longer the biological father remains in the household the lower the probability that youth engage in sexual activity. In contrast, it is youth whose fathers are never present who are more likely to be convicted of a crime, youth whose fathers leave during adolescence who are more likely to drink alcohol and use illegal drugs and youth whose fathers leave during childhood who are more likely to smoke cigarettes.
	Bibliography Citation Antecol, Heather, Kelly Bedard and Eric Helland. "Does Single Parenthood Increase the Probability of Teenage Promiscuity, Drug Use, and Crime? Evidence from Divorce Law Changes." Working Paper, Claremont Colleges Working Papers in Economics, November 2002.

8.	Bedard, Kelly
8.	Human Capital versus Signaling Models: University Access and High School Dropouts Journal of Political Economy 109,4 (August 2001): 749-775. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/322089 Cohort(s): Young Men, Young Women Publisher: University of Chicago Press Keyword(s): College Enrollment; Colleges; Education; Geographical Variation; High School Dropouts; Human Capital; Human Capital Theory; Labor Market Studies, Geographic Under the educational sorting hypothesis, an environment in which some individuals are constrained from entering university will be characterized by increased pooling at the high school graduation level, as compared to an environment with greater university access. This results because some potential high school dropouts and university enrollees choose the high school graduate designation in order to take advantage of high-ability individuals who are constrained from entering university. This is in stark contrast to human capital theory, which predicts higher university enrollment but identical high school dropout rates in regions with greater university access. I test the contradictory high school dropout predictions of the human capital and signaling models using NLSYM and NLSYW education data from the late 1960s and early 1970s. I find that labor markets that contain universities have higher high school dropout rates. This result is consistent with a signaling model and inconsistent with a pure human capital model.
	Bibliography Citation Bedard, Kelly. "Human Capital versus Signaling Models: University Access and High School Dropouts." Journal of Political Economy 109,4 (August 2001): 749-775.

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