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Author: Cox, Robynn J. A.
Resulting in 1 citation.
1. Cox, Robynn J. A.
Wallace, Robert B.
The Role of Incarceration as a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment
Journals of Gerontology: Series B, gbac138 (25 September 2022): DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbac138.
Also: https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/geronb/gbac138/6717457
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Gerontological Society of America
Keyword(s): Cognitive Ability; Incarceration/Jail

Objectives: The objective of this study was to understand disparities in cognitive impairment between middle aged formerly incarcerated (FI) and nonincarcerated (NI) individuals.

Methods: The 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth is a nationally representative longitudinal dataset containing information on incarceration, cognitive functioning, and other health conditions. Using a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-m), adapted from the Health and Retirement Study, we analyzed the association between incarceration and cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment-not dementia, and dementia. Multivariable regression models were estimated including prior incarceration status and covariates associated with incarceration and cognitive functioning.

Results: FI individuals had lower unadjusted scores on TICS-m (-2.5, p<.001), and had significantly greater unadjusted odds ratios (OR) for scoring in the cognitive impairment (OR=2.4, p<.001) and dementia (OR=2.7, p<.001) range. Differences were largely explained by a combination of risk factors associated with incarceration and cognition. Education and premorbid cognition (measured by Armed Forces Qualifying Test) separately and completely explained differences in the odds of dementia. Regardless of incarceration status, Blacks and Hispanics had significantly greater odds of cognitive impairment and dementia relative to Whites, holding other factors constant.

Bibliography Citation
Cox, Robynn J. A. and Robert B. Wallace. "The Role of Incarceration as a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment." Journals of Gerontology: Series B, gbac138 (25 September 2022): DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbac138.