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Author: Levine, David I.

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1.	Levine, David I.
1.	Choosing the Right Parents: Changes in the Intergenerational Transmission of Inequality Between the 1970s and the Early 1990s Working Paper No. 72 (iirwps-072-99), Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California - Berkeley, November 19, 1999. Also: http://repositories.cdlib.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=iir Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Men Publisher: Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California, Berkeley Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Family Background and Culture; General Social Survey (GSS); Mothers, Education; Occupational Status; Wages, Young Men; Wealth Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper uses the General Social survey and the comparison between the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Men and of Youth to measure how returns to young men's family background have changed from the late 1970's to the late 1980's and early 1990's. Coming from a wealthy family and having a well-educated father who worked in a high-prestige occupation were much more powerful predictors of a young man's success in the later period. In contrast, maternal education was less important in determining a young man's income and educational attainment. Rising returns to education coupled with a constant relation between family background and education explains most of the rising importance of family background.
	Bibliography Citation Levine, David I. "Choosing the Right Parents: Changes in the Intergenerational Transmission of Inequality Between the 1970s and the Early 1990s." Working Paper No. 72 (iirwps-072-99), Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California - Berkeley, November 19, 1999.

2.	Levine, David I. Mazumder, Bhashkar
2.	Choosing the Right Parents: Changes in the Intergenerational Transmission of Inequality Between 1980 and the Early 1990s Working Paper No. 2002-08, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, June 2002. Also: http://www.chicagofed.org/publications/workingpapers/papers/wp2002-08.pdf Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Men Publisher: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Keyword(s): Earnings; Family Income; General Social Survey (GSS); Human Capital; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper uses the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS), the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), and the General Social Survey (GSS) to measure the elasticity of family income on men's adult earnings in 1980 and the early 1990s. The study finds a large and statistically significant increase in the importance of family income over time when comparing cohorts in the NLS, a dataset that has not been previously used for this purpose. We also find a large but statistically insignificant increase when using the GSS. The PSID, however, shows a large but statistically insignificant decline in this parameter. The results imply that changes in the effect of family income did not operate through the channel of human capital. Results suggest that the rate of inheritability of income may have increased in recent decades, but this evidence is not yet definitive. Researchers, therefore, should exercise caution when generalizing about trends over time when using small samples from just one dataset such as the PSID.
	Bibliography Citation Levine, David I. and Bhashkar Mazumder. "Choosing the Right Parents: Changes in the Intergenerational Transmission of Inequality Between 1980 and the Early 1990s." Working Paper No. 2002-08, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, June 2002.

3.	Levine, David I. Mazumder, Bhashkar
3.	The Growing Importance of Family: Evidence from Brothers' Earnings Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 46,1 (January 2007): 7-21. Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-232X.2007.00455.x/abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California, Berkeley Keyword(s): Brothers; Earnings; Family Influences; Income; Income Distribution; Siblings; Wages Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. We examine between-brother correlation of earnings, family income, and wages from two cohorts of the National Longitudinal Surveys. Young brothers who entered the labor market in the 1970s had lower correlations of economic outcomes than did those who entered in the 1980s and early 1990s. Neither the rising brother correlation in education nor the rising return to schooling accounts for much of the increase in the brother correlation in earnings. These results suggest that family and community influences other than years of education that are shared by brothers have become increasingly important in determining economic outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Industrial Relations is the property of Blackwell Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts)
	Bibliography Citation Levine, David I. and Bhashkar Mazumder. "The Growing Importance of Family: Evidence from Brothers' Earnings." Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 46,1 (January 2007): 7-21.

4.	Mazumder, Bhashkar Levine, David I.
4.	Growing Importance of Family and Community: An Analysis of Changes in the Sibling Correlation in Earnings Working Paper No. 2003-24, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, November 2003. Also: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=483023 Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Men Publisher: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Keyword(s): Brothers; Data Quality/Consistency; Earnings; High School Dropouts; Income; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Mobility; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Siblings Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This study presents evidence that the correlation in brothers' earnings has risen in recent decades. We use two distinct cohorts of young men from the National Longitudinal Surveys and estimate that the correlation in earnings between brothers rose from 0.26 to 0.45. This suggests that family and community influences shared by siblings have become increasingly important in determining economic outcomes. We find that neither the correlation in years of schooling nor the rising return to schooling accounts for this increase. We also argue that the PSID is not an appropriate dataset for analyzing changes over time because of its sampling design, small sample of siblings, and high attrition rate.
	Bibliography Citation Mazumder, Bhashkar and David I. Levine. "Growing Importance of Family and Community: An Analysis of Changes in the Sibling Correlation in Earnings." Working Paper No. 2003-24, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, November 2003.

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