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Author: Reynolds, C. Lockwood

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1.	Barnette, Justin Odongo, Kennedy Reynolds, C. Lockwood
1.	Changes Over Time in the Cost of Job Loss for Young Men and Women B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy published online (30 November 2020): DOI: 10.1515/bejeap-2020-0005. Also: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/bejeap-2020-0005/html Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY97 Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG Keyword(s): Gender Differences; Income Dynamics/Shocks; Job Separation/Loss; Occupations Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Using data from the two cohorts of the NLSY, we examine whether income losses due to involuntary job separations have changed over time. We find that wage losses among men are similar between the two cohorts. However, women in the 1979 cohort show little evidence of wage losses while women in the 1997 cohort experience wage losses similar to those of men. We present evidence that changes in occupations across cohorts help explain these results.
	Bibliography Citation Barnette, Justin, Kennedy Odongo and C. Lockwood Reynolds. "Changes Over Time in the Cost of Job Loss for Young Men and Women." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy published online (30 November 2020): DOI: 10.1515/bejeap-2020-0005.

2.	Johnson, Eric Reynolds, C. Lockwood
2.	The Effect of Household Hospitalizations on the Educational Attainment of Youth Economics of Education Review 37 (December 2013): 165-182. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272775713001271 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): College Graduates; Dropouts; Educational Attainment; Gender Differences; High School Completion/Graduates; Hospitalization; Household Influences We utilize data from the NLSY97 to investigate the effect of week-long hospitalizations of household members on the educational attainment of youth. These significant household health events could result in a combination of financial and time constraints on the household, limiting the educational opportunities available to survey respondents. We find that household hospitalizations lead to reductions in the likelihood of completing high school, attending college and completing a bachelor's degree. These negative effects are disproportionately experienced by male respondents. Respondents with higher pre-hospitalization ability appear to be insulated from these health events. Birth-order and the gender composition of siblings also appear to play a role. We find that the oldest children in the household bear the burden of a hospitalization, substantially lowering the educational attainment of these respondents, while insulating their younger siblings. Similarly, the presence of a brother appears to insulate respondents from the negative impacts of household hospitalizations.
	Bibliography Citation Johnson, Eric and C. Lockwood Reynolds. "The Effect of Household Hospitalizations on the Educational Attainment of Youth." Economics of Education Review 37 (December 2013): 165-182.

3.	Lovenheim, Michael F. Reynolds, C. Lockwood
3.	Changes in Postsecondary Choices by Ability and Income: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth Journal of Human Capital 5,1 (Spring 2011): 70-109. Also: http://www.jstor.org/pss/10.1086/660123 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY97 Publisher: University of Chicago Press Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); College Education; Gender Differences; High School Completion/Graduates; Higher Education; Income Level We characterize changes over time in the choices high school graduates make concerning 2-year attendance, 4-year attendance, and college nonattendance across the joint income and ability distribution. We find that college nonattendance decreased substantially between cohorts for both men and women and that these declines were larger for higher-ability students. On the 2-year/4-year margin, there is evidence of growing ability constraints among women. Furthermore, income has become more important among higher-ability men, and increases in 2-year attendance among high-ability but low-income men come at the expense of 4-year college enrollment. State-level college costs explain little of the changes we document.
	Bibliography Citation Lovenheim, Michael F. and C. Lockwood Reynolds. "Changes in Postsecondary Choices by Ability and Income: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth." Journal of Human Capital 5,1 (Spring 2011): 70-109.

4.	Lovenheim, Michael F. Reynolds, C. Lockwood
4.	The Effect of Housing Wealth on College Choice: Evidence from the Housing Boom NBER Working Paper No. 18075, National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2012. Also: http://www.nber.org/papers/w18075 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Keyword(s): Assets; College Characteristics; College Enrollment; Colleges; Wealth The higher education system in the United States is characterized by a large degree of quality heterogeneity, and there is a growing literature suggesting students attending higher quality universities have better educational and labor market outcomes. In this paper, we use NLSY97 data combined with the difference in the timing and strength of the housing boom across cities to examine how short-run home price growth affects the quality of postsecondary schools chosen by students. Our findings indicate a $10,000 increase in a family’s housing wealth in the four years prior to a student becoming of college-age increases the likelihood she attends a flagship public university relative to a non-flagship public university by 2.0 percent and decreases the relative probability of attending a community college by 1.6 percent. These effects are driven by relatively lower and middle-income families. We show that these changes are due to the effect of housing wealth on where students apply, not on whether they are admitted. We also find that short-run increases in home prices lead to increases in direct quality measures of the institutions students attend. Finally, for the lower-income sample, we find home price increases reduce student labor supply and that each $10,000 increase in home prices is associated with a 1.8% increase in the likelihood of completing college.
	Bibliography Citation Lovenheim, Michael F. and C. Lockwood Reynolds. "The Effect of Housing Wealth on College Choice: Evidence from the Housing Boom." NBER Working Paper No. 18075, National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2012.

5.	Lovenheim, Michael F. Reynolds, C. Lockwood
5.	The Effect of Housing Wealth on College Choice: Evidence from the Housing Boom Journal of Human Resources 48,1 (Winter 2013): 1-35. Also: http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/48/1/1.short Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press Keyword(s): College Characteristics; College Graduates; Wealth We use NLSY97 data to examine how home price variation affects the quality of postsecondary schools students attend. We find a $10,000 increase in housing wealth increases the likelihood of public flagship university enrollment relative to nonflagship enrollment by 2.0 percent and decreases the relative probability of attending a community college by 1.6 percent. These effects are driven by lower-income families, predominantly by altering student application decisions. We also find home price changes affect direct quality measures of institutions students attend. Furthermore, for lower-income students, each $10,000 increase in home prices leads to a 1.8 percent increase in the likelihood of completing college.
	Bibliography Citation Lovenheim, Michael F. and C. Lockwood Reynolds. "The Effect of Housing Wealth on College Choice: Evidence from the Housing Boom." Journal of Human Resources 48,1 (Winter 2013): 1-35.

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