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Author: Bean, Frank D.

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1.	Bean, Frank D. Berg, Ruth R. Van Hook, Jennifer V. W.
1.	Socioeconomic and Cultural Incorporation and Family Behavior Among Mexican Americans Presented: Washington, DC, American Sociological Association Annual Meetings, August 1995 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Education; Family Environment; Family Structure; Family Studies; Hispanics; Marital Disruption; Sex Roles; Social Roles; Socioeconomic Status (SES) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Develops and tests hypotheses about how processes of socioeconomic and cultural incorporation might work individually and in combination to explain marital disruption patterns among Mexican-origin women in the US in relation both to those of non-Hispanic whites and blacks and to those of Mexican women. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and Current Population Survey data permitting three-generational breakdowns of the Mexican-origin population are used to examine how the effect on marital disruption of education, an important indicator of socioeconomic incorporation, varies by generational status, an important indicator of cultural incorporation. The results indicate an educational/marital disruption relationship among native-born Mexican Americans that is both negative and similar in level to that of non-Hispanic whites, but an education/disruption relationship among Mexican immigrants that is positive but lower in level. It is argued that these results do not support the idea that cultural factors explain Mexican-origin marital disruption patterns, but rather the ideas that: (1) the limited socioeconomic opportunities available to lower-socioeconomic-status women increase the risk of disruption among both Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites; and (2) the family adaptation strategies of lower-socioeconomic-status Mexican-origin newcomers to the US, because they involve reliance on and support for strong conjugal relationships, foster low rates of divorce and separation. (Copyright 1995, Sociological Abstracts, Inc., all rights reserved.)
	Bibliography Citation Bean, Frank D., Ruth R. Berg and Jennifer V. W. Van Hook. "Socioeconomic and Cultural Incorporation and Family Behavior Among Mexican Americans." Presented: Washington, DC, American Sociological Association Annual Meetings, August 1995.

2.	Bean, Frank D. Berg, Ruth R. Van Hook, Jennifer V. W.
2.	Socioeconomic and Cultural Incorporation and Marital Disruption Among Mexican Americans Social Forces 75,2 (December 1996): 593-617. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2580415 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: University of North Carolina Press Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Ethnic Differences; Family Studies; Hispanics; Immigrants; Marital Disruption; Racial Differences; Socioeconomic Factors Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This article examines how processes of socioeconomic and cultural incorporation affect marital-disruption patterns Mexican-origin persons in the U.S. in comparison to non-Hispanic whites and African Americans. The results, which are based mainly on recent National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data, indicate that, once other variables are controlled, the correlation of level of education with marital disruption among U.S. native Mexican Americans is negative and similar in level to that of non-Hispanic whites. However, the correlation of educational level with marital disruption among Mexican immigrants is both positive and lower than that of other "maps". It is argued that these results do not support the idea that cultural familism explains Mexican-origin marital-disruption patterns, nor the idea that segmented assimilation processes exert influence on marital disruption, but rather the idea that socioeconomic and cultural incorporation interact in their effects on marital variables.
	Bibliography Citation Bean, Frank D., Ruth R. Berg and Jennifer V. W. Van Hook. "Socioeconomic and Cultural Incorporation and Marital Disruption Among Mexican Americans." Social Forces 75,2 (December 1996): 593-617.

3.	Hamermesh, Daniel S. Bean, Frank D.
3.	Help or Hindrance? : The Economic Implications of Immigration for African Americans New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation, 1998 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation Keyword(s): Benefits; Educational Attainment; Immigrants; Job Skills; Racial Differences; Racial Equality/Inequality; Scholarships; Skilled Workers; Working Conditions [From book review.] With recent immigration at a near record high, many observers fear that African Americans, particularly those in low skill jobs, are increasingly losing out to immigrants in the American labor market. Because today's immigrants are largely non-European and non-white, there is also speculation that their presence will intensify the competition for housing and educational opportunities among minority groups. Help or Hindrance? probes the foundation of these concerns with the first comprehensive investigation into the effects of immigration on African Americans. With detailed economic analysis of African American job prospects, benefits, and working conditions, Help or Hindrance? demonstrates that although immigration does not appear to have affected the actual employment rate of blacks, it has contributed slightly to the widening gap between the annual earnings of black and white males. Those near the lowest skills level appear most affected, suggesting that the most likely losers are workers with abilities similar to those of immigrants. With many employers moving away from cities, access to housing and problems of segregation have also become integral to success in the job market. And within black neighborhoods themselves, the establishment of small immigrant businesses has raised concerns that these may hinder local residents from starting up similar ventures. Help or Hindrance? also examines how immigration has affected the educational attainment of African Americans. Increased competition for college affirmative action and remedial programs has noticeably reduced African Americans' access to college places and scholarships.
	Bibliography Citation Hamermesh, Daniel S. and Frank D. Bean. Help or Hindrance? : The Economic Implications of Immigration for African Americans. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation, 1998.

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