Search Results
Author: Guzzo, Karen Benjamin
Resulting in 11 citations.
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Carlson, Lisa Guzzo, Karen Benjamin Wu, Hsueh-Sheng |
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Birth Spacing and Working Mothers’ Within-Organization Career Paths American Sociological Association published online (4 March 2024). Also: https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231241230845 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Births, Repeat / Spacing; Employment; Job Patterns; Labor Force Participation; Motherhood; Motherhood Penalty; Wage Penalty/Career Penalty; Work Disruption; Work History; Work Reentry; Working Patterns Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The mechanisms behind mothers’ wage penalties remain unclear. In this article, the authors consider the role of birth spacing and changes in employers after a second birth. Using the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and competing risk event history models, the authors investigate how spacing between first and second births influences the likelihood of returning to a pre–second birth employer, changing employers, or remaining outside of the labor force within six months of the second birth. The authors find no differences in the influence of birth spacing on the likelihood of returning to an employer versus changing employers but that shorter birth spacings relate to lower likelihoods of returning to the labor market. There is some evidence that birth spacing and postbirth employment varies by age at first birth, marital status, and occupation. Overall, the results suggest that although birth spacing is relevant for returning postbirth to employment, job changes are unlikely to drive mothers’ wage penalties. |
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Bibliography Citation
Carlson, Lisa, Karen Benjamin Guzzo and Hsueh-Sheng Wu. "Birth Spacing and Working Mothers’ Within-Organization Career Paths." American Sociological Association published online (4 March 2024).
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Dorius, Cassandra J. Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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Maternal Multipartnered Fertility and Adolescent Well-being Presented: New York NY, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2013 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Drug Use; Fertility, Multiple Partners; Modeling, Logit; Modeling, OLS; Sexual Activity; Sexual Experiences/Virginity; Well-Being Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Over the past decade, there has been an emerging body of research focusing on multipartnered fertility, where a parent has children by more than one partner. The growth in union dissolution and nonmarital childbearing has increased the prevalence of multipartnered fertility, altered the circumstances in which it occurred, and fostered concern over the implications for families, particularly children .However, it is not clear if concern over multipartnered fertility, in and of itself, is warranted. We draw on 24 waves (1979-2010) of nationally representative data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Study of Youth main youth interviews to create detailed relationship histories of mothers and then link these data to self-reported assessments of adolescent well-being found in 9 waves (1994-2010) of the young adult (NLSY79-YA) supplement. Preliminary OLS and Logit regression models suggest that maternal multipartnered fertility has a significant direct and moderating effect on adolescent drug use and sexual debut net of cumulative family instability and exposure to particular family forms like marriage, cohabitation, and divorce. Moreover, maternal multipartnered fertility remained a significant predictor of both drug use and the timing of first sex even after accounting for selection into this family form and controlling for the adolescent’s experience of poverty, unemployment, and educational disadvantage at the time of birth and throughout childhood. |
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Bibliography Citation
Dorius, Cassandra J. and Karen Benjamin Guzzo. "Maternal Multipartnered Fertility and Adolescent Well-being." Presented: New York NY, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2013. |
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Dorius, Cassandra J. Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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The Long Arm of Maternal Multipartnered Fertility and Adolescent Well-being NCFMR Working Paper Series WP-13-04, National Center for Family and Marriage Research, Bowling Green State University, August 2013 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: National Center for Family and Marriage Research Keyword(s): Age at First Intercourse; Cohabitation; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Drug Use; Family Size; Family Structure; Fertility, Multiple Partners; Household Composition; Marital History/Transitions Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Over the past decade, there has been an emerging body of research focusing on multipartnered fertility, where a parent has children by more than one partner. However, it is not clear if concern over multipartnered fertility, in and of itself, is warranted. We draw on 24 waves (1979-2010) of nationally representative data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Study of Youth main youth interviews to create detailed relationship histories of mothers and then link these data to self-reported assessments of adolescent well-being found in 9 waves (1994-2010) of the young adult (NLSY79-YA) supplement. Results suggest that maternal multipartnered fertility has a significant direct and moderated effect on adolescent drug use and sexual debut net of cumulative family instability and exposure to particular family forms like marriage, cohabitation, and divorce. Moreover, maternal multipartnered fertility remained a significant predictor of both drug use and the timing of first sex even after accounting for selection into this family form and controlling for the adolescent’s experience of poverty, unemployment, and educational disadvantage at the time of birth and throughout childhood. |
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Bibliography Citation
Dorius, Cassandra J. and Karen Benjamin Guzzo. "The Long Arm of Maternal Multipartnered Fertility and Adolescent Well-being." NCFMR Working Paper Series WP-13-04, National Center for Family and Marriage Research, Bowling Green State University, August 2013. |
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Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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A Research Note on the Stability of Coresidential Unions Formed Postconception Journal of Marriage and Family 80,4 (August 2018): 841-852. Also: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10834-018-9568-5 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. => Wiley Online Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Coresidence; Fathers; Marital History/Transitions; Marital Stability; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes; Unions There is a large literature examining the stability of mid‐pregnancy unions, and parallel work on unions formed after a nonmarital birth, but research has yet to compare pre‐ and postbirth unions and simultaneously consider whether the union is with the father or a new partner. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort, the author compares the stability of coresidential unions (cohabitations and marriages) among three groups of mothers with nonunion first conceptions: those with a mid‐pregnancy union with the father (n = 203), those with a postbirth union with the father (n = 333), and those with a union with a new partner (n = 342). Compared to mid‐pregnancy unions with the father, postbirth father unions are 35% more likely to dissolve. New‐partner unions are more likely to dissolve than both types of father unions. These associations persist when accounting for union type and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin. "A Research Note on the Stability of Coresidential Unions Formed Postconception." Journal of Marriage and Family 80,4 (August 2018): 841-852.
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Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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Do Young Mothers and Fathers Differ in the Likelihood of Returning Home? Journal of Marriage and Family 78,5 (October 2016): 1332-1351. Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.12347/abstract Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. => Wiley Online Keyword(s): First Birth; Gender Differences; Marital Stability; Parenthood; Residence, Return to Parental Home/Delayed Homeleaving Building on research examining "boomerang" adult children, the author examines multigenerational living among young parents. Returning home likely differs between young mothers and fathers given variation in socioeconomic characteristics, health and risk taking, their own children's coresidence, and union stability. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), the author finds that more than 40% of young parents (n = 2,721) live with their own parents at their first child's birth or subsequently. Mothers are generally less likely to move home than fathers but only when not controlling for child coresidence and union stability. Individuals who live with all their children are less likely to return home, and controlling for child coresidence reverses gender differences, though this association disappears in the full model. Young parents who are stably single and those who experience dissolution are highly likely to return home compared to the stably partnered, with the association significantly stronger for fathers than mothers. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin. "Do Young Mothers and Fathers Differ in the Likelihood of Returning Home?" Journal of Marriage and Family 78,5 (October 2016): 1332-1351.
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Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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The Living Arrangements of Young Parents and Their Children Presented: San Diego CA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April-May 2015 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): First Birth; Household Composition; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Parenthood Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Multigenerational household research often overlooks the middle generation -- those who live with their own parents and their own children. Similarly, work on boomerang kids rarely considers young parents, who might particularly need help from their parents. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), I examine the characteristics of three types of young parents aged 24 (N = 1,984): living with parents consistently between birth and age 24; living with parents at birth but subsequently moved out; and living independently at birth. Results show that more than half of young parents live with their own parents at their first birth or subsequently. Among those who were either living independently at birth or moved out subsequently, event history models reveal that union instability is strongly associated with the odds of moving back home, as is not living with their firstborn child. Overall, young parents have complicated and fluid living arrangements. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin. "The Living Arrangements of Young Parents and Their Children." Presented: San Diego CA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April-May 2015. |
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Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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Union Formation and Stability Among Non-Cohabiting, Unmarried Parents: Incorporating Unions with Their Child's Parent Presented: Washington DC, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, March-April 2016 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Childbearing, Premarital/Nonmarital; Cohabitation; First Birth; Parental Marital Status Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Although many nonmarital births are to cohabitors, roughly 40% of such births are to those not living with a partner. Many of these individuals will go on to form unions, some of which are likely to be with their child's biological parent. In this paper, I will use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to analyze the likelihood that never-married, never-cohabited young adults with a first birth outside a coresidential union will remain single, form a coresidential union with the child's other biological parent, or form a union with a new partner, paying attention to differences across race-ethnicity, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics as well as considering partner characteristics and relationship quality. I will also investigate the stability of these unions, comparing whether unions formed with the child's biological parent are more or less stable than those formed with new partners. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin. "Union Formation and Stability Among Non-Cohabiting, Unmarried Parents: Incorporating Unions with Their Child's Parent." Presented: Washington DC, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, March-April 2016. |
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Guzzo, Karen Benjamin Dorius, Cassandra J. |
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Challenges in Measuring and Studying Multipartnered Fertility in American Survey Data Population Research and Policy Review 35,4 (August 2016): 553-579. Also: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11113-016-9398-9 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult, NLSY97 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Data Analysis; Data Quality/Consistency; Fertility, Multiple Partners; Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study; National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (AddHealth); National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG); Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Multipartnered fertility ("MPF") has become a major topic of interest in the United States due to potential negative linkages with parental, child, and family wellbeing. A first step in studying any newly emerging (or newly identified) social phenomenon is to properly define the issue and identify its prevalence. However, this is problematic in the case of MPF because most existing sources of data were not originally designed to study MPF. We examine the major data sources used to produce estimates of MPF in the United States, discussing the methodological issues that produce conflicting prevalence estimates and providing guidelines for producing comparable estimates. We also discuss important considerations for research seeking to link MPF and outcomes. Our recommendations will help researchers situate their findings in the broader literature and spur future research. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin and Cassandra J. Dorius. "Challenges in Measuring and Studying Multipartnered Fertility in American Survey Data." Population Research and Policy Review 35,4 (August 2016): 553-579.
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| 9. |
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin Dorius, Cassandra J. |
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Does Maternal Multipartnered Fertility Affect the Mother-Child Relationship? Presented: Boston MA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, May 2014 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Fertility, Multiple Partners; Mothers; Parent Supervision/Monitoring; Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Siblings; Well-Being Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Multipartnered fertility (MPF) is widely considered detrimental to family and child well-being, yet the mechanisms by which MPF may affect well-being are unclear. We suggest that due to the higher instability and greater complexity of families with MPF, children with half-siblings may have a weaker mother-child relationship than children with only full siblings. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY) and drawing from both mother’s and children’s reports, we compare the perceptions of firstborn children with younger siblings from MPF and single-partner fertility (SPF) homes regarding how much their mothers monitor and spend time with them, how close they feel to their mother and how much they share with their mother, and how often they perceive their mother missing important events. The NLSY provides rich background information and data on family instability and transitions to more accurately allow us to isolate the effects of MPF from other factors. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guzzo, Karen Benjamin and Cassandra J. Dorius. "Does Maternal Multipartnered Fertility Affect the Mother-Child Relationship?" Presented: Boston MA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, May 2014. |
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Hays, Jake Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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Does Family Complexity in Childhood Explain Race-Ethnic Disparities in Multipartner Fertility? Presented: Austin TX, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 2019 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Population Association of America Keyword(s): Childhood; Family Structure; Fertility, Multiple Partners; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. We investigate whether family complexity is transmitted across generations, and whether such a process may explain higher levels of multipartner fertility (MPF) among Blacks and Hispanics. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 cohort, we test whether family complexity--which encompasses family structure (living with two biological parents until age 18) and the presence of half- or step-siblings--in adolescence predicts higher-order births with a new partner versus a prior partner, with a focus on race-ethnicity. We find that those who lived in a non-two biological parent household, regardless of whether they had half- or step-siblings, are at an increased risk childbearing with a new partner. Family structure and sibling configuration does not mediate race-ethnic differences in the odds of MPF in adulthood. Instead, race is a moderator: family complexity in adolescence predicts childbearing with a new partner for Hispanics and Whites, but not for Blacks. |
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Bibliography Citation
Hays, Jake and Karen Benjamin Guzzo. "Does Family Complexity in Childhood Explain Race-Ethnic Disparities in Multipartner Fertility?" Presented: Austin TX, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 2019. |
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Hays, Jake Guzzo, Karen Benjamin |
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Does Sibling Composition in Childhood Contribute to Adult Fertility Behaviors? Journal of Marriage and Family published online (12 July 2021): DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12788. Also: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.12788 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. => Wiley Online Keyword(s): Childbearing; Fertility, Multiple Partners; First Birth; Marital Status; Siblings Objective: This work addresses whether adolescent sibling composition--the presence of full-, half-, and step-siblings--is associated with adult childbearing behaviors. Background: Recent research suggests that family complexity is transmitted across generations, with individuals with half-siblings (i.e., parental multipartner fertility [MPF]) having an increased risk of MPF themselves. Yet this work may confound parental composition and sibling composition, as complex sibling ties occur more often among those living outside of a family with both biological parents. Method: Using data from Rounds 1-18 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort, the authors test, for men and women separately, whether parental composition and sibling composition in adolescence are independently associated with the marital status of first births (N = 8768) and MPF (N = 5574). Results: Having half-siblings, but not full- or step-siblings, increases women's odds of a nonmarital first birth over no birth and a marital birth, even when accounting for parental composition. Having half-siblings also increases women's risk of MPF, though this link is attenuated with controls for first birth characteristics. These associations are not present for men. Parental composition is independently linked to fertility. |
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Bibliography Citation
Hays, Jake and Karen Benjamin Guzzo. "Does Sibling Composition in Childhood Contribute to Adult Fertility Behaviors?" Journal of Marriage and Family published online (12 July 2021): DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12788.
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