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Author: Siennick, Sonja E.
Resulting in 7 citations.
1. Siennick, Sonja E.
Tough Love? Crime and Parental Assistance in Young Adulthood
Criminology 49,1 (February 2011): 163-195.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2010.00221.x/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: American Society of Criminology
Keyword(s): Behavior, Antisocial; Behavioral Problems; Delinquency/Gang Activity; National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (AddHealth); Parental Investments

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The writer explored the limits of others' willingness to help offenders by analyzing parents' financial assistance of grown offending and nonoffending offspring. Data from the 1997 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health showed that despite their strained relationships with their parents, young adult offenders received more parental assistance than do their nonoffending peers and even their own nonoffending siblings. This was partly because they tend to have a variety of other life circumstances that trigger parental assistance. The writer suggested that parents' reactions to offending offspring are curtailed by role norms and obligations of familial duty.
Bibliography Citation
Siennick, Sonja E. "Tough Love? Crime and Parental Assistance in Young Adulthood." Criminology 49,1 (February 2011): 163-195.
2. Siennick, Sonja E.
Widdowson, Alex O.
Juvenile Arrest and Later Economic Attainment: Strength and Mechanisms of the Relationship
Journal of Quantitative Criminology published online (25 November 2020): DOI: 10.1007/s10940-020-09482-6.
Also: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10940-020-09482-6
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Springer
Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Arrests; Assets; Debt/Borrowing; Net Worth

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Objectives: We tested the impact of juvenile arrest on asset accumulation, debt accumulation, and net worth from ages 20-30. We also examined whether indicators of family formation, school and work attainment, and subsequent justice system contacts explained any effects.

Methods: We used longitudinal data on 7916 respondents from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 Cohort. Our treatment variable was a dichotomous indicator of whether respondents were arrested as juveniles. Our focal outcomes were combined measures of the values of 10 types of assets, 6 types of debt, and net worth (assets minus debt) at ages 20, 25, and 30. We used propensity score methods to create matched groups of respondents who were and were not arrested as juveniles, and we compared these groups on the outcomes using multilevel growth curve analyses.

Results: Arrested juveniles went on to have lower assets, debts, and net worth during young adulthood compared to non-arrested juveniles. These differences were most pronounced at age 30. The differences were largely explained by educational attainment, weeks worked, and income.

Bibliography Citation
Siennick, Sonja E. and Alex O. Widdowson. "Juvenile Arrest and Later Economic Attainment: Strength and Mechanisms of the Relationship." Journal of Quantitative Criminology published online (25 November 2020): DOI: 10.1007/s10940-020-09482-6.
3. Widdowson, Alex O.
Hay, Carter
Siennick, Sonja E.
Romantic Partners and Young Adult Offending: Considering the Role of Partner's Socioeconomic Characteristics
Criminology published online (09 January 2021): DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12265.
Also: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1745-9125.12265
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Wiley Online
Keyword(s): Arrests; Cohabitation; Marital Status; Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

In this study, we examined whether and to what extent the effects on offending of marriage and different types of cohabitating partnerships depend on the romantic partner's socioeconomic status (SES). Such research addresses a key gap in knowledge regarding potential heterogeneity of effects on behavior of romantic partnerships. Drawing on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, we examined the within‐individual effects of three romantic partner's socioeconomic characteristics--education, employment, and income--on offending from ages 18 to 34. Results revealed that marriage was related to reductions in arrest only for those whose spouse was employed (full or part time) and had income. In contrast to marriage, partner SES was not related to arrest among those who cohabited with a partner they never married. Additionally, partner SES was often associated with reductions in arrest among those who cohabited with a partner they later married, but the reductions were statistically indistinguishable across levels of partner SES. Lastly, these effects were experienced similarly for low‐ and high‐SES individuals alike, and no gender differences were detected in these effects. Our findings suggest that important life events such as marriage and cohabitation can be behavior‐altering transitions, but the effects of these events are variable.
Bibliography Citation
Widdowson, Alex O., Carter Hay and Sonja E. Siennick. "Romantic Partners and Young Adult Offending: Considering the Role of Partner's Socioeconomic Characteristics." Criminology published online (09 January 2021): DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12265.
4. Widdowson, Alex O.
Hay, Carter
Siennick, Sonja E.
Romantic Partnerships and Criminal Desistance: Considering the Role of Partner's Socioeconomic Characteristics
Presented: Philadelphia PA, American Society of Criminology (ASC) Annual Meeting, November 2017
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: American Society of Criminology
Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Crime; Marriage; Modeling, Random Effects; Socioeconomic Factors

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Over the past two decades, research examining the influence of romantic partners on criminal desistance has steadily increased, with most studies reporting crime-reducing effects of marriage, and to a lesser extent, cohabitation. Despite the advancement of this literature, far less research has considered the role that romantic partner's personal characteristics play in the desistance process. The few studies that have investigated this issue have focused on partner's antisocial behavior and negative emotionality. However, there are other partner characteristics that are likely important to adult offending. The current study extends this line of inquiry by investigating whether and to what degree the effects of marriage and cohabitation on criminal desistance depend on romantic partner's socioeconomic characteristics. Drawing on the life-course perspective, we suggest that entering into a romantic partnership with a financially stable partner provides individuals with tangible benefits (e.g., housing and material goods) that makes engaging in crime costlier, whereas partners who have fewer economic resources may fail to dissuade offending. We consider this issue with data from the NLSY97. Random-effects models are employed to examine within-individual effects of partner's education, employment status, and income on criminal arrest during young adulthood. Gender differences are examined.
Bibliography Citation
Widdowson, Alex O., Carter Hay and Sonja E. Siennick. "Romantic Partnerships and Criminal Desistance: Considering the Role of Partner's Socioeconomic Characteristics." Presented: Philadelphia PA, American Society of Criminology (ASC) Annual Meeting, November 2017.
5. Widdowson, Alex O.
Jacobsen, Wade C.
Siennick, Sonja E.
Warren, Patricia Y.
Together Despite the Odds: Explaining Racial and Ethnic Heterogeneity in Union Dissolution after Incarceration
Criminology 58,1 (February 2020): 129-155.
Also: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1745-9125.12232
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: American Society of Criminology
Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Ethnic Differences; Incarceration/Jail; Marital Dissolution; Marriage; Racial Differences

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The U.S. incarceration rate rose dramatically over the past 45 years, increasing the number of marriages and cohabiting unions disrupted by a jail or prison stay. But as some have pointed out, not all unions dissolve as a result of incarceration, and there seems to be racial-ethnic variation in this tendency, with Blacks displaying higher rates of dissolution than Whites and Hispanics. Yet it is unclear what explains racial–ethnic differences in union dissolution among the incarcerated. Drawing on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), we examine why racial-ethnic differences in union dissolution exist among a sample of individuals who had a marital or a cohabiting union interrupted by an incarceration spell. In doing so, we draw on social exchange theory and structural and cultural theories to suggest that racial-ethnic disparities in union dissolution are explained by differential exposure to protective relationship characteristics. The results of Cox hazard models reveal that Blacks have significantly higher hazards of union dissolution than do Whites and Hispanics. These results also indicate that being married, having a child together, having full‐time employment, a longer union duration, and a shorter incarceration spell may protect against dissolution and that these factors account, in part, for the greater risk of dissolution among Blacks relative to Whites and Hispanics.
Bibliography Citation
Widdowson, Alex O., Wade C. Jacobsen, Sonja E. Siennick and Patricia Y. Warren. "Together Despite the Odds: Explaining Racial and Ethnic Heterogeneity in Union Dissolution after Incarceration." Criminology 58,1 (February 2020): 129-155.
6. Widdowson, Alex O.
Siennick, Sonja E.
The Effects of Residential Mobility on Criminal Persistence and Desistance during the Transition to Adulthood
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency published online (17 August 2020): DOI: 10.1177/0022427820948578.
Also: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022427820948578
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Sage Publications
Keyword(s): Arrests; Crime; Geocoded Data; Mobility, Residential; Transition, Adulthood

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Objectives: Prior research has documented that residential mobility has the potential to trigger both criminal persistence and desistance, with frequent moving often predicting persistence and long-distance moving predicting desistance. However, less work has considered this possibility during the transition to adulthood. To address this shortcoming, we assessed the effects of different residential moves on offending during this period in the life course.

Methods: Using 15 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 Cohort, a sample of youth followed from ages 12 to 32, we used mixed-effects models to examine whether frequent moving, between-county moves (a proxy for long-distance), and moving distance are associated with within-individual change in self-reported offending and arrest.

Results: Findings indicated that frequent moving was not associated with persistent offending. In addition, individuals who made between-county moves showed significant within-individual reductions in self-reported offending and arrest, with those reductions emerging immediately after the move and persisting over time. Finally, individuals who moved further in distance were more likely to experience reductions in self-reported offending, although any moving distance reduced arrest.

Bibliography Citation
Widdowson, Alex O. and Sonja E. Siennick. "The Effects of Residential Mobility on Criminal Persistence and Desistance during the Transition to Adulthood." Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency published online (17 August 2020): DOI: 10.1177/0022427820948578.
7. Widdowson, Alex O.
Siennick, Sonja E.
Hay, Carter
The Implications of Arrest for College Enrollment: An Analysis of Long-Term Effects and Mediating Mechanisms
Criminology 54,4 (November 2016): 621-652.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1745-9125.12114/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: American Society of Criminology
Keyword(s): Arrests; College Enrollment; High School Completion/Graduates; Propensity Scores

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This study draws on labeling theory and education research on the steps to college enrollment to examine 1) whether and for how long arrest reduces the likelihood that high-school graduates will enroll in postsecondary education and 2) whether any observed relationships are mediated by key steps in the college enrollment process. With 17 years of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) and propensity score matching, we derived matched samples of arrested and nonarrested but equivalent youth (N = 1,761) and conducted logistic regression and survival analyses among the matched samples to examine the short- and long-term postsecondary consequences of arrest. The results revealed that arrest reduced the odds of 4-year college enrollment directly after high school, as well as that high-school grade point average and advanced coursework accounted for 58 percent of this relationship. The results also revealed that arrest had an enduring impact on 4-year college attendance that extended into and beyond emerging adulthood. Two-year college prospects were largely unaffected by arrest. These findings imply that being arrested during high school represents a negative turning point in youths' educational trajectory that is, in part, a result of having a less competitive college application. Implications are discussed.
Bibliography Citation
Widdowson, Alex O., Sonja E. Siennick and Carter Hay. "The Implications of Arrest for College Enrollment: An Analysis of Long-Term Effects and Mediating Mechanisms." Criminology 54,4 (November 2016): 621-652.