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1.	Andrisani, Paul J. Kohen, Andrew I.
1.	Career Thresholds, Volume 5: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 5. Washington DC: US GPO, 1975 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Blue-Collar Jobs; Collective Bargaining; Unemployment Duration; Unemployment, Youth; Unions; Wages The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of collective bargaining on the relative earnings and employment experience of young blue collar males over the 1969-1970 period. Specifically, the authors have examined the effects of collective bargaining on five dimensions of labor market experience: (1) hourly rate of pay at the beginning of the period; (2) hours usually worked per week; (3) likelihood of being unemployed during the 12-month period; (4) duration of unemployment; and (5) growth in hourly earnings during the period. Additionally, they examined the relationship between unionism and racial differentials in these measures of labor market experience. In all cases, they attempted to ascertain the effects of collective bargaining on comparable workers within each race group.
	Bibliography Citation Andrisani, Paul J. and Andrew I. Kohen. Career Thresholds, Volume 5: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth. Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 5. Washington DC: US GPO, 1975.

2.	Kim, Sookon Roderick, Roger D. Shea, John R.
2.	Dual Careers, Volume 2: A Longitudinal Study of Labor Market Experience of Women Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 2. Washington DC: US GPO, 1973. Also: http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED068713.pdf Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Children; Family Influences; Health Factors; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Job Satisfaction; Labor Force Participation; Marital Status; Mobility, Interfirm; Work Attitudes The main purpose of this document is to describe the magnitude and patterns of change in labor market behavior that occurred during the two-year period between the 1967 and 1969 interviews. As pointed out in the initial report, ". . . it is during this age span [30 to 44 years of age] that many married women return to the labor force after their children are in school." Therefore, one would expect not only an increase in labor force participation rates over the two-year period but also improvements in occupational assignment, accumulation of seniority rights, and an increase in earnings, all of which are positively associated with length of employment experience. While varying types of homemaking activities, especially when there are young children in the home, play a significant role in the decisions of most women to participate in the labor market, changes in marital status, attitudes, health condition, employment opportunities, and many other factors are also expected to influence a woman's labor force and employment behavior.
	Bibliography Citation Kim, Sookon, Roger D. Roderick and John R. Shea. Dual Careers, Volume 2: A Longitudinal Study of Labor Market Experience of Women. Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 2. Washington DC: US GPO, 1973..

3.	Kohen, Andrew I. Andrisani, Paul J.
3.	Career Thresholds, Volume 4: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 4. Washington DC: US GPO, 1974 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Dropouts; Earnings; Educational Aspirations/Expectations; High School Completion/Graduates; Marital Status; Migration; Occupational Aspirations; Wages Data from the first through fourth interviews of young men aged 14-24 in 1966 are used to explore enrollment in school, marital status, and geographic movement. The labor market experiences of high school graduates are examined and contrasted with the experiences of dropouts. Data from all out-of-school youth are then examined with special attention paid to interfirm movement (from both 1966-1969 and 1967-1969), and its correlates and determinants, and to changes of occupation and hourly rate of pay. Changes in the educational and occupational goals of respondents enrolled in school during this time are also investigated.
	Bibliography Citation Kohen, Andrew I. and Paul J. Andrisani. Career Thresholds, Volume 4: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth. Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 4. Washington DC: US GPO, 1974.

4.	Kohen, Andrew I. Grasso, John T. Myers, Steven C. Shields, Patricia M.
4.	Career Thresholds, Volume 6: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Young Men Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 6. Washington DC: US GPO, 1977 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Earnings; Marital Status; Military Service; Mobility; Occupational Status; Schooling; Unemployment This volume several analyses of youth's educational and labor market experiences. One analysis youths' labor market experience explores the factors related to the levels of educational and occupational aspirations expressed by those youth who were in high school at the beginning of a five-year period. The study investigates factors associated with the adaptation of educational goals during the high school years and the two years thereafter. Another analysis is devoted to occupational mobility among young men. In addition to quantifying and describing the gross changes in major occupation group that occurred (1) between entrance into the labor market and 1971 and (2) over the five-year period 1966 to 1971, the study analyzes the factors that are associated with both the incidence and the magnitude of occupational advancement during these same periods. A third analysis of the unemployment experience of male youth is directed at relating the incidence and duration of unemployment to various types of job separation. It focuses only on members of the experienced labor force who were not enrolled in school. The impact of military service on a youth's subsequent labor market experience is also discussed. This analysis begins with an investigation of the factors that are associated with the likelihood of having served in the armed forces during the Vietnam War and then attempts to assess the net impact of military service on various aspects of subsequent civilian labor market experience.
	Bibliography Citation Kohen, Andrew I., John T. Grasso, Steven C. Myers and Patricia M. Shields. Career Thresholds, Volume 6: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Young Men. Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 6. Washington DC: US GPO, 1977.

5.	Kohen, Andrew I. Parnes, Herbert S.
5.	Career Thresholds, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1971 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Attrition; Job Training; Marital Status; Migration; Unemployment; Wages The report attempts to delineate some of the major changes that occurred in the educational and labor market plans and status of young men over the two-year period 1966 to 1968. More specifically, it examines the extent of change in school enrollment status, educational and occupational aspirations, labor force participation, unemployment experience, employer and occupational affiliation, rate of compensation, extent of job satisfaction, and location of residence. In addition to describing the nature and extent of these types of changes, it also begins to identify some of the correlates of change. Finally, it examines the cumulative unemployment experience of the out-of-school youth over the two-year period.
	Bibliography Citation Kohen, Andrew I. and Herbert S. Parnes. Career Thresholds, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth. Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1971.

6.	Meyer, Jack A. Shea, John R.
6.	Demographic and Social Characteristics In: Years for Decision, Volume 1, Manpower Research Monograph 24. Washington DC: U.S. GPO, 1971 Cohort(s): Young Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Age and Ageing; Educational Attainment; Marital Status; Occupations, Female; Schooling This chapter deals with the interrelations among age, school status, and marital and family status of young women. Educational curriculum among students and educational attainment and occupational skill development among young women who are not in school are both discussed. Factors determining enrollment or non-enrollment in school are examined, and the chapter concludes with an introduction to the analyses used throughout the volume.
	Bibliography Citation Meyer, Jack A. and John R. Shea. "Demographic and Social Characteristics" In: Years for Decision, Volume 1, Manpower Research Monograph 24. Washington DC: U.S. GPO, 1971

7.	Parnes, Herbert S. Adams, Arvil Van Andrisani, Paul J. Kohen, Andrew I. Nestel, Gilbert
7.	Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 4: Five Years in the Work Lives of Middle-Aged Men Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 4. Washington DC: US GPO, 1975 Cohort(s): Older Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Behavior; Earnings; Employment; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Household Income; Job Training; Locus of Control (see Rotter Scale); Retirement/Retirement Planning; Rotter Scale (see Locus of Control) A unique set of longitudinal data collected by personal interviews with the same sample of men in 1966, 1967, 1969, and 1971 provides information on a number of facets of the labor market experience and behavior of middle- aged men. Since the data contain a complete record of the labor market activity of the men over a five-year period, both the antecedents and consequences of particular events and courses of action can be examined. Moreover, the five years in question are an unusually interesting half decade, for they should reflect whatever short-run impact the civil rights movement has had upon the relative employment status of middle-aged black men. Also, these years include a three-year span in which the labor market was relatively tight and improving (1966- 1969) as well as a two-year period during which unemployment rose considerably (1969-1971). The fact that changes between 1967 and 1969 can be compared with those between 1969 and 1971 for the same group of individuals permits one to analyze the effect of a change in the economic environment on the labor market experience of the men under consideration.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Arvil Van Adams, Paul J. Andrisani, Andrew I. Kohen and Gilbert Nestel. Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 4: Five Years in the Work Lives of Middle-Aged Men. Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 4. Washington DC: US GPO, 1975.

8.	Parnes, Herbert S. Egge, Karl Albert Kohen, Andrew I. Schmidt, Ronald M.
8.	Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 2: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Men Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 2. Washington DC: US GPO, 1970 Cohort(s): Older Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Employment; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Household Income; Mobility, Interfirm; Work Attitudes Data from the first and second interviews of men who were age 45-59 years in mid-1966 are used in this progress report on the longitudinal study to describe the magnitude and the patterns of change that have occurred during the one-year period in the labor market status of members of the sample and in certain other characteristics that have an important effect on labor market activity.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Karl Albert Egge, Andrew I. Kohen and Ronald M. Schmidt. Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 2: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Men. Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 2. Washington DC: US GPO, 1970.

9.	Parnes, Herbert S. Fleisher, Belton M. Miljus, Robert C. Spitz, Ruth S.
9.	Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 1: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of the Cohort of Men 45-59 Years of Age Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1968 Cohort(s): Older Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Behavior; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Household Income; Job Satisfaction; Job Tenure; Pensions; Retirement/Retirement Planning; Unemployment; Work Attitudes As the prologue to an intensive study of the labor market experience and behavior over a five-year period of males who were age 45-59 in mid l966, this study examines their status at the time of the initial interview in mid l966, and seeks explanations for variations in current status on the basis of a large number of economic, social, and psychological variables. Specific areas discussed include the extent of their current participation in the labor market, susceptibility to unemployment, distribution in the labor market, the duration of service in current jobs, and rates of pay. In addition to describing the pattern of occupational and geographic change during their working lives to date, their attitudes toward working in general and their jobs in particular, and their reactions to certain types of job changes, including complete withdrawal from the labor market are explored. Variations in all these aspects of behavior and attitudes have been sought in terms of a large number of demographic, economic, and attitudinal characteristics, and numerous relationships that have been uncovered appear to have explanatory and predictive value.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Belton M. Fleisher, Robert C. Miljus and Ruth S. Spitz. Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 1: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of the Cohort of Men 45-59 Years of Age. Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1968.

10.	Parnes, Herbert S. Jusenius, Carol L. Blau, Francine D. Nestel, Gilbert
10.	Dual Careers, Volume 4: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Labor Market Experience of Women Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 4. Washington DC: US GPO, 1976 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Career Patterns; Child Care; Children; Job Satisfaction; Mobility; Occupational Status; Work Attitudes; Work Experience Irrespective of marital status, the degree of success that women enjoy in the labor market is substantially related to the extent of their previous investments in human capital. To take the most obvious example, the number of years of schooling a woman has completed bears a substantial positive relationship with her earnings in 1972, with the socioeconomic status of her first job after leaving school, with the extent of her upward occupational mobility between her first and 1967 jobs and over the five-year period between 1967 and 1972, and with the likelihood of her having pursued a career. Like education, training also contributes to labor market success. Women who have participated in training programs outside regular school are more likely than comparable women without such training to have pursued careers, to have experienced upward occupational mobility, and to enjoy high current earnings.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Carol L. Jusenius, Francine D. Blau and Gilbert Nestel. Dual Careers, Volume 4: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Labor Market Experience of Women. Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 4. Washington DC: US GPO, 1976.

11.	Parnes, Herbert S. Jusenius, Carol L. Shortlidge, Richard L. Jr.
11.	Dual Careers, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Women Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1975 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Child Care; Children; Socioeconomic Status (SES); Wages This report focuses on two problems which women in the labor force are likely to encounter. The first is the changing occupational distribution of women. Over the past decade concern has arisen regarding both the distribution of women among occupations and the low wages generally associated with those jobs in which most women are employed. Here we examine, for the time span 1967 to 1972, the extent to which women left (or entered) occupations which society views as "acceptable" for them. Also discussed is the relationship between type of occupation and selected socioeconomic variables; the impact of occupational change on wage rates is of particular importance. The second problem is the changing demand for child care facilities. This deals with arrangements made by women in the labor force during 1971 who had at least one child under 18 years of age. The analysis relates both demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of these women to the various forms of child care which they used. Also examined is the need for public and private forms of child care among women with different family, economic, and labor force characteristics. Changes which occurred between 1965 and 1971 in the utilization of different types of child care arrangements are discussed.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Carol L. Jusenius and Richard L. Jr. Shortlidge. Dual Careers, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Women. Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1975.

12.	Parnes, Herbert S. Miljus, Robert C. Spitz, Ruth S.
12.	Career Thresholds, Volume 1: A longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth 14-24 Years of Age Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1969 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Educational Aspirations/Expectations; Employment; High School; Job Search; Occupational Aspirations; Teenagers; Wages; Work Attitudes; Work Knowledge Data drawn from interviews conducted during October-December 1966 with the NLS of Young Men ages 14 to 24 provides the basis for examining the relationships between selected demographic, attitudinal, and educational characteristics of male youth in the United States and their labor market experience and occupational aspirations. The cohort's labor force participation, unemployment experience, employment patterns, labor market knowledge, job attitudes, and educational and occupational aspirations as of the time of the initial survey in 1966 are analyzed and explanations for variations in these factors based on a large number of economic, social, and psychological variables are offered.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Robert C. Miljus and Ruth S. Spitz. Career Thresholds, Volume 1: A longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Male Youth 14-24 Years of Age. Manpower Research Monograph 16, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1969.

13.	Parnes, Herbert S. Nestel, Gilbert Andrisani, Paul J.
13.	Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Men Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1973 Cohort(s): Older Men Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Attrition; Collective Bargaining; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Marital Status; Mobility, Interfirm; Unions; Wages A national sample of middle-aged men, first interviewed in the summer of 1966 when they were between 45 and 59 years of age, are reinterviewed for this five-year longitudinal study by a mail questionnaire in mid-1968 and by personal interviews in mid-1969. Data describe the magnitude and patterns of change in the status of the respondents that have occurred over the first three years of the study and identify some of the causes and consequences of these changes.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., Gilbert Nestel and Paul J. Andrisani. Pre-Retirement Years, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Men. Manpower Research Monograph 15, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1973.

14.	Parnes, Herbert S. Shea, John R. Spitz, Ruth S. Zeller, Frederick A.
14.	Dual Careers, Volume 1: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Women Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1970 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Career Patterns; Child Care; Children; Family Background and Culture; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Job Training; Marital Status; Part-Time Work; Work Attitudes Data from the first interview (1967) of Mature Women age 30-44 in 1967 are used to examine their labor market status and attitudes, as well as their prior work experience and plans for the future. Marital history and status, family background, health, education, income patterns and attitudes toward work and home are investigated, as are participation in the labor force, occupation, rate of pay, transportation, and child care. Part-time employment and its ramifications are explored. Occupational and geographic mobility and movement are studied and their relationship to career beginnings shown. Work attitudes and job attachment are evaluated; and, finally, major sources of variation in labor market behavior are explored and found to be largely race, education, marital status, ages of children, and work-related attitudes.
	Bibliography Citation Parnes, Herbert S., John R. Shea, Ruth S. Spitz and Frederick A. Zeller. Dual Careers, Volume 1: A Longitudinal Study of the Labor Market Experience of Women. Manpower Research Monograph 21, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1970.

15.	Roderick, Roger D. Davis, Joseph M.
15.	Years for Decision, Volume 2: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experiences of Young Women Manpower Research Monograph 24, Volume 2. Washington DC: US GPO, 1974 Cohort(s): Young Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Behavior; Dropouts; Earnings; Educational Aspirations/Expectations; Educational Attainment; Marital Status; Migration; Occupations, Female Data from both the first and second surveys of the NLS of Young Women are used to examine school enrollment and educational aspirations and their correlates. Findings show that as young women get older, they become more realistic in their aspirations. Also explored are changes in job status among out-of-school youth, such as change in rate of pay and interfirm and geographic movement. 'Knowledge of the world of work' appears to have a positive effect on rate of pay and unemployment. Some of young women's behavior patterns are compared with those of the young men, and differences are generally explained by the eighteen-month difference in first interview dates (Young Men-Oct. 1966; Young Women-Feb. 1968).
	Bibliography Citation Roderick, Roger D. and Joseph M. Davis. Years for Decision, Volume 2: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experiences of Young Women. Manpower Research Monograph 24, Volume 2. Washington DC: US GPO, 1974.

16.	Roderick, Roger D. Kohen, Andrew I.
16.	Years for Decision, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Young Women Manpower Research Monograph 24, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1976 Cohort(s): Young Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Children; Educational Aspirations/Expectations; Employment; Fertility; Marital Status; Migration; Mobility, Interfirm; Occupational Aspirations Data from the first three interviews of Young Women aged 14-24 in January 1968 are used to study educational and labor market experience. School enrollment status and educational aspirations and their correlates from 1970 are examined and compared with the 1968 figures, as are the respondent's plans for age 35. Unemployment of nonstudents is explored and is found to be more common for high school dropouts than graduates. Education appears, however, to bear no regular relationship with change in unemployment experience. Correlates and consequences of interfirm movement are investigated, with almost half of the respondents who were employed and out of school changing employers from 1968 to 1970. Most consequences, such as rate of pay and degree of job satisfaction, appear to increase with interfirm movement.
	Bibliography Citation Roderick, Roger D. and Andrew I. Kohen. Years for Decision, Volume 3: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor Market Experience of Young Women. Manpower Research Monograph 24, Volume 3. Washington DC: US GPO, 1976.

17.	Shea, John R. Roderick, Roger D. Zeller, Frederick A. Kohen, Andrew I.
17.	Years for Decision, Volume 1: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor market Experience of Young Women Manpower Research Monograph 24, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1971 Cohort(s): Young Women Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor Keyword(s): Child Care; College Enrollment; Educational Aspirations/Expectations; Family Background and Culture; High School; Job Training; Occupational Aspirations; Teenagers; Unemployment, Youth; Vocational Education Data from the initial survey of young women age 14-24 in 1968 are used to examine their labor market status, attitudes and previous training, education, and work experience. Plans for the future, not only for employment, but also for marriage, education and children are also examined including their impact on young women's labor market experiences. Unemployment, labor force participation, and occupational distribution of non-students, and the employment status of students are investigated, as are job attachment, rate of pay, child care arrangements, and family background. Due to the large variation in age, it was difficult to generalize for the entire sample, but subsequent surveys will lessen this discrepancy and permit a complete analysis of the group as a whole.
	Bibliography Citation Shea, John R., Roger D. Roderick, Frederick A. Zeller and Andrew I. Kohen. Years for Decision, Volume 1: A Longitudinal Study of the Educational and Labor market Experience of Young Women. Manpower Research Monograph 24, Volume 1. Washington DC: US GPO, 1971.

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